1. 3-4 Notes - Asexual Reproduction
Chapter 3, Lesson 4

2. 6 Types of Asexual Reproduction
1. Fission
2. Mitotic Cell Division
3. Budding
4. Plant Cuttings
5. Animal Regeneration
6. Cloning

3. What is Asexual Reproduction?
It produces offspring from a single parent without the joining of sperm and egg.
The offspring is genetically identical to the parent.

4. Advantages No time or energy expended finding a mate.
Less time to produce offspring.
Parent AND offspring are genetically identical, so they are equally well-adapted to the same environmental conditions.

5. Disadvantages Without 2 parents, there is not much genetic variation.
Lack of genetic variation makes offspring more open to attack from disease and changes in the environment.
Harmful mutations will be passed to offspring.

6. Types of Asexual Reproduction
Prokaryotes reproduce asexually by cell division that does not involve mitosis.
Eukaryotes reproduce asexually by mitosis and cell division.

7. Fission
Bacteria, which have no nucleus, reproduce by a process called fission, which produces two genetically identical cells very rapidly.

8. Mitotic Cell Division
Some single-celled eukaryotes reproduce by mitosis, followed by cell division.
Produces 2 identical cells that are each an organism.

9. Budding
Asexual reproduction in which a new organism forms on the parent organism
The new organism, a bud, forms by mitosis and cell division, and eventually separates from the parent
Example:
Some single-cell (yeast) and multicellular eukaryotes (hydra)

10. Plant Cuttings
If you cut a green stem from a houseplant and put it in water, roots and leaves can grow, producing a new plant.
Some plants propagate themselves asexually.
Examples
Strawberry plants and kalanchoe plants

11. Animal Regeneration
Some animals have cells that can change into other cell types.
Regeneration is asexual reproduction that produces new animals from pieces of an animal’s body.
Regeneration is sometimes used to describe growth that replaces a missing part of an animal.
A severed arm regrowing into an entire new sea star.

12. Cloning
Cloning refers to a method of asexual reproduction developed by scientists and performed in laboratories.
Cloning produces identical individuals from a cell or cells taken from a multicellular organism.

13. Plant Cloning

14. Animal Cloning
The first animal to be successfully cloned was a sheep named Dolly, in 1996.
Animals cloned in labs are usually not healthy.

15. 3.4 Asexual Reproduction
What type of asexual reproduction involves reproduction by cell division only?
A fission
B budding
C regeneration
D cloning

16. A mitotic cell division B cloning C regeneration D budding
3.4 Asexual Reproduction
What type of asexual reproduction involves a new organism forming on the parent organism?
A mitotic cell division
B cloning
C regeneration
D budding

17. 3.4 Asexual Reproduction
What type of asexual reproduction involves producing a new animal from pieces of an animal’s body?
A plant cuttings
B cloning
C regeneration
D budding

18. What is not an advantage of asexual reproduction?
A organism does not have to spend time and energy finding a mate
B can produce a number of offspring faster than with sexual reproduction
C offspring have more genetic variation
D parent and offspring are equally well adapted to the same environmental conditions

19. What type of organism can reproduce asexually by regeneration?
SCI 2.a
What type of organism can reproduce asexually by regeneration?
A human
B sea star
C bacterium
D yeast

20. 3-4 Vocab – Asexual Reproduction text p.151-157
prokaryote
asexual reproduction
fission
budding
differentiate
regeneration
cloning