1. Animal Health Ms. Blakeley Glen Rose FFA lesson webpage (www.glenroseFFA.org)www.glenroseFFA.org

2. What Causes Disease? ÊGerms: bacteria, viruses, protozoa ËParasites: worms, insects –Infestations: external parasites –Infectious: internal disease ÌInjury: handling, facilities ÍInherited Genes ÎPoor Nutrition: easiest to correct –toxic materials in plants, nitrogen content –chemicals for insect control

3. Disease Infectious Disease: spread by contact Confinement Systems: disease easily spread Animal Waste: host for germs Soil Born Disease: live in soil –hog diseases –anthrax: bury animals deep, cover with lime or burn –feline distemper –do NOT drag dead animals –alternate pastures

4. Disease From water & feed: chemical residues, waste From air: germs, chemicals, mosquitoes host disease Diseases divided according to how rapid they progress: Acute: rapid progression (cholera, bloat, mastitis) all generally have a rapid increase in body temperature Chronic: last a long time (cancer), costly to fight Some are localized: mastitis, pink eye

5. Vital Signs ÊPulse: high under left fore flank or over jawbone ËRespiration: rate of breathing ÌTemperature: most reliable & constant –taken rectally –rise of 3 deg F is considered serious Symptoms: not eat, isolate self, lack alertness, mucous discharge, droopy, lowered head, swelling, bleeding, abnormal bowel movements, worms in feces, unusual walk, abnormal behavior

6. Disease Prevention Sanitation: most important Vaccination: build up antibodies to fight disease Some diseases (tetanus) animals can’t be saved once they show signs –separate from herd –humanely kill and dispose of

7. Parasite Control Some parasites may be passed to humans –trichina, bladder worms Worming usually done in spring Insecticides: apply manually or cattle rub Tick: Rocky Mountain Spotted Fever in humans Sanitation: remove waste, disinfect floors & walls, remove dead animals, insect & rodent control, repair equipment, proper bedding Hog house: steam clean & disinfect Pile manure to kill germs (heat)