1. The Outbreak of War How the world fell back into another World War…

2. Japan at War  Invasion of Manchuria 1931  Militarists in control  Emperor Hirohito  League of Nations protests invasion  Japan leaves the League in 1933

3.  Marco Polo Bridge incident - July 1937  Full invasion of China 1937  China in collapse  US aids Chinese over the Burma Road  Flying Tigers  Panay Incident – Dec 1937  Japanese Atrocities – Rape of Nanking The Conflict Expands

4. Italian Expansion  League failures with Japan give Mussolini an idea  Mussolini seizes Ethiopia Oct. 1935  Haile Selassie (King of Ethiopia) asks League for help  League asks Mussolini nicely – he ignores them  Britain then allows Italy to use the Suez Canal in Egypt

5. Hitler and Nazi Germany  Hitler rises legally to Chancellor of Germany  New German Social Order  Fuhrer used propaganda and his speaking skills to enshrine himself, along with:  Anti-German books burned  Criticism of the gov’t outlawed  Children made to join Hitler Youth or League of German Girls Josef Goebbels, Nazi Propaganda Chief

6. Appeasement  APPEASEMENT - policy of giving in to an aggressor’s demands in order to keep the peace  March 1935 – Hitler pulls out of Versailles  Build up of military starts in 1933  planned to triple the size of the army initially – 300,000 men  Told Air ministry to plan to build 1,000 planes (by 1935 the Luftwaffe had 2,500 planes)  March 1936 – militarizes Rhineland (League upset)  Britain and France appease  Oct-Nov 1936 – Rome-Berlin-Tokyo Axis  Agreement by the three nations to fight Soviet communism  Agreed not to interfere with one another’s plans for territorial expansion

7. The Olympics 1938  Matthias Sindelar, Austrian who refused to play for Anschluss Team. Was killed for defiance…

8. The Spanish Revolution… Well everyone else was doing it…  1931 – Republic replaced the Monarchy  1936 – Socialists and Communists win seats  Attempt to de-Catholicize Spain  Angry Catholics and Conservatives rebel under Francisco Franco  Germany/Italy - Franco  USSR – Socialists, Communists  Democracies – stay out of it  Franco wins – dictator in 1939  This becomes a dress rehearsal for German and Russian militaries

9. The West Stands By  France and Britain both afraid of war  Still dealing with Depression  Trying to understand the point of the losses of WWI  US wants isolation  Neutrality Acts – bans loans and weapon sales to belligerent countries

10. Anschluss and the Munich Conference  March 1938 – Hitler annexes Austria  League sends strongly worded message  Sudetenland Crisis and Lebensraum – 3 million Germans living in Czech region  Sept 1938 - Munich Conference  A line in the sands

11. Appeasement – The Munich Agreement 1938

12. A Lone Voice – Winston Churchill

13. Hitler Keeps Pushing the Line  5 months later – Hitler occupies Czechoslovakia (allies make a new line in the sand)  Hitler demands Polish corridor and port of Danzig (Gdansk) to connect East Prussia  Lebensraum again…

14. The Enemy of My Enemy…  Hitler and Allies approach USSR at the same time  USSR sides with Hitler because they need to rebuild after the Purges  NON-AGGRESSION PACT 1939 – pact between Soviet Union and Germany that divided eastern Europe into German and Soviet spheres of influence  Germany removes threat of two- front war