1. Preventive Cities Program Universidad del Salvador Saint Petersburg College

2. Disorder Substance:Actors Environment: Family Cutlture Society Host Three-way discomfort Physical level Psychiatric level Society level DEPENDENCY Brain disorders Drug availability Social Adaptation Drug Problem: a complex phenomenon Preventive Cities

3.  Early initiation in drugs and alcohol......more chances to develop drug addiction problems.  For each cent invested in prevention......4 to 5 dollars are saved in treatment and delinquency policies

4. > EPIDEMIC OUTBREAK Psicosocial transmission (T) = Individual family vulnerability (V) +Exposure (friends, drug availability, media, legislation) (E) + Social acceptance of drugs (A)

5. A POST-MODERN TECHNOLOGY DISORDER Basesof A Drug Epidemic -Increasing family dissolution -Global Criminal Economy at local scales -Low productive and poor workforce insertion -High levels of school dropouts -State dissolution -Citizen apathy regarding city life and of social organizations

6. > “AMERICAN” EXPERIENCE  Points of sale  Damage notion  Preventive work at community at school levels The < work in the community The < damage notion + consumption + social acceptance The > damage notion The > Preventive community action - Consumption - social acceptance

7. Preventive Methodology 1. Preventive City Actors Political Structure Institutions Technical Structure Community Participation 2. Key Concepts of Resilience Social Capital Human Capital 3. Preventive Culture 4. Preventive Services Primary Secondary Tertiary

8. Three-Circle Theory (Book: “Preventive City” Marchioni – Yaria) Motor Nucleus Participant Nucleus Connection through information

9. PREVENTIVE CITY Interaction and Retroaction between: > Public Organizations > Community Organizations > Technicians local municipal gov. neighborhood school institutions ACTION AT

10. MOTOR GROUP OR MANAGEMENT OF THE PREVENTIVE ASSOCIATION a.Creation of change-promoting groups b. Main objective: increase envolvement of problem-related individuals c. Form group identity d. Develop skills for needs and resource analysis e. Create training, planification and evaluation processes

11. Areas: Areas: –Community > preventive community comission –Family> parent associations –School> school preventive center –Work> work preventive center –Health> assistance preventive center –Drugphone > primary assistance center ADMISSION CENTERS SELF HELP GROUPS PREVENTIVE ASSISTANCE CENTER THERAPEUTIC COMMUNITIES FROM LESS TO HIGHER COMPLEXITY > COMMUNITY PREVENTIVE FORCE

12.  ELEMENTS OF THE PREVENTIVE ASSISTANCE LEADERSHIP TRAINING AND CREATION OF PREVENTIVE ORGANIZATIONS EARLY DETECTION BY SOCIAL AND FAMILY PRESSURE PREVENTIVE ASSISTANCE NETWORK ACTION IN HIGH RISK SOCIAL ZONES SERVICES OFFERED IN THE AREA

13. PROMOTION OF PROTECTIVE FACTORS PROMOTION OF RESILIENT FACTORS ASSISTANCE CENTERS PREVENTIVE CITIES HEALTH ORGANIZATIONS YOUTH SOCIAL ORGANIZATIONS UNIVERSITIES PARENTS SCHOOLS COMMUNTY ORGANIZATIONS TALK CENTERS COMMUNITY PREVENTIVE FORCE

14. PREVENTIVE NETWORK AREAS FAMILY SCHOOLS YOUTH COMMUNITY WORK RELIGIOUS HEALTH PUBLIC ORG. MEDIA ASSISTANCE NETWORK AREAS PRIMARY ASSISTANCE DESINTOXICATION PROGRAMS THERAPEUTIC COMMUNITIES PARENT ASSOCIATIONS SCHOOL PREVENTION CENTERS YOUTH ORIENTATION CENTERS COMMUNITY INFORMATION CENTERS WORK PREVENTIVE CENTERS RELIGIOUS PREVENTIVE CENTERS PRIMARY ASSISTANCE CENTERS

15. PLANNED-CHANGE MODEL (Theory of Change / LIPPIT) a. Development of the need to change sensibilization process b. Establishment of a change-based relationship : b.1 To deserve trust in the community b.2 To distribute tasks c. Tasks required for change: Diagnosis Action Plans Seek support in the subject group d. Change- permanence Must be strengthened Must be part of the system e. End the process

16. PREVENTIVE CITIES PREVENTIVE CITIES SAN NICOLAS LUJAN MAIPU BERISSO SAN PEDRO LOS HORNOS (La Plata) 9 DE JULIO OLAVARRIA LAPRIDA CNEL. ROSALES ITUZAINGO BERAZATEGUI SAN MIGUEL LA MATANZA BENITO JUAREZ

17. RESULTS IN DRUG CONTACT POPULATION OLDER THAN 16 YEARS OF AGE  Comparative Study 1997 / 1999  Global contact with illicit drugs decreased 8,06 %  First drug contact decreased 50 %  9,70 % decrease in Drug Abuse

18. IV DRUG USE DECREASED FROM 8 TO 12 % 1993 / 1999 IV DRUG USE DECREASED FROM 8 TO 12 % 1993 / 1999 Needle sharing decreased from 8 al 0,5 % 1993 / 1999

19. LOWER ALCOHOL LEVELS IN DRIVING TESTS 1996: 8 % 1997: 4 % 1998: 4 % 1999: 3 % 2000: 2 %

20. ADDICTIVE POPULATION REACHED BY PREVENTIVE POLICIES 17 % INFECTED WITH AIDS

21. ADDICTIVE POPULATION NOT REACHED BY PREVENVTIVE POLICIES (other districts)  85 % infected with AIDS Research conducted at the Infectious Diseases Hospital Muniz, Buenos Aires, Argentina, in collaboration with Dr. J. Benetucci

22. Salto, preventive city, the beginning of the action The Universidad del Salvador, TECSAL Foundation and the local government of SALTO, signed an agreement of cooperation, technical assistance and Complementation to implement the Program of Preventive Cities, with the commitment of all sectors of the community. More than 400 people attended the signature ceremony.