1. Effects of Decreasing Pasture Land Availability on Beef Operations October 10, 2013

2. All cattle and calves in the U.S. was 89.3 million head on January 1, 2013. The lowest since 1952 (Beef production 25.9b. Lb. vs. 9.3 b. lb.)

4. Higher cattle prices Higher input prices Situation

5. Extended Drought Urban Sprawl Land Leasing for Crops What’s Happening to Pastureland

6. “Corn sets the price for everything”

7. Fit each acre to its best use!!

8. More dependence on forages (due to high cost of grain) Better utilization of forages Replace feed grain (corn) with grain by- products Graze some grain crops? Co-Exist? e.g. Grain/combine wheat How do we adapt?

10. More dependence on forages (due to high cost of grain) Better utilization of forages Replace feed grain (corn) with grain by- products Graze some grain crops? Co-Exist? e.g. Grain/combine wheat How do we adapt?

11. Performance of Beef Calves Fed Supplements Containing Glycerin R. Burris, J. Lehmkuhler and J. Randolph University of Kentucky

12. Objectives Minimize the use of grain supplements and maximize the use of forges and by-products. To evaluate the use of glycerin (a by- product of biodiesel mfg) as a feedstuff. Develop a by-product supplement for postweaning calves.

14. Trial 1

15. By-product Supplements for Beef Heifers Ingredients, % Supplement 123 Soyhulls8070 DDG20 Glycerin--10-- Corn-- 10

17. Trial 2

18. Test (216 $/T) %Ingredient 68.75Soyhulls 20.00Distillers grain 10.00Glycerin 1.25IRM stocker mineral w/Rumensin (1620 g/T)

19. Commercial Feed (440 $/T) 13% Crude Protein CTC and Bovatec w/ 1.22% Ca 0.40% P 1.00% Salt.90% K Vitamin A 4,800 IU/lb and Mg, Mn, Zn, Cu, Se

21. 1.Glycerin can be an effective feed ingredient Increase energy density Serve as a conditioner 2.Glycerin can be a part of an “all by- product” supplement for weaned beef calves Summary

22. More dependence on forages (due to high cost of grain) Better utilization of forages Replace feed grain (corn) with grain by- products Graze some grain crops? Co-Exist? e.g. Grain/combine wheat How do we adapt?

23. Grazing stocker calves (heifers) on wheat and stockpiled fescue

26. Managing Heifers on Wheat Pasture Wheat Pasture Graze/GrainGraze Out Heifers, no12 Init. Wt., lb.631635 Days, grazing34101 Days Out59126 ADG, lb1.931.75 Total gain, lb/hd114221 Value of grazing days @$1.50 77227

27. What about wheat (grain) yields? Compaction? Subsequent soybean yields?

28. Grazed vs. Ungrazed 72.1vs.71.5 bu/A 81.3vs.81.5 head/ft 2 (no real difference) Grazed vs. Ungrazed

29. High grain diets might change Better forage management More by-products feeding Look for opportunities Problem is erodible land that shouldn’t be cropped when fences are removed Summary