1. Title Slide: click to advance to timed slides The Issue of HUMAN CLONING: Problems and Solutions Taro Yamada, Midori Ito, Ichiro Suzuki Tokyo University of Agriculture and Technology

2. The Issue of HUMAN CLONING: Problems and Solutions Taro Yamada, Midori Ito, Ichiro Suzuki Tokyo University of Agriculture and Technology

3. Cloning= Making a genetically identical copy

4. 3 Snuppy, Korea, 2005 Prometia, Italy, 2003 Dolly, UK, 1996

5. Next = Human? Have humans already been cloned?

6. ABC News: April 23, 2009 11 cloned human embryos 4 women’s wombs No pregnancies resulted

7. Benefit: Sterile Couples?

8. Benefit: Gay Couples?

9. Introduction to the Problem Why Is It Serious? Risks? Possible Solutions? Q&A Time

10. Risk 1: Experimentation Human babies may be harmed

11. Risk 1: Experimentation Snuppy’s case Hundreds of failed experiments with embryos →Only Snuppy lived

12. Risk 2: Perfection People will aim for the “perfect” baby

13. Risk 2: Perfection

14. Risk 3: Mental Harm People expect clones to be the same

15. Risk 3: Mental Harm

16. Introduction to the Problem Why Is It Serious? Risks? Possible Solutions? Q&A Time

17. Solution 1 Stricter Laws Are Needed in Japan/UN

18. Japan’s Law on Reproductive Cloning, 2001Law “Article 3 (Prohibited acts) No person shall transfer a Human Somatic Cell Nuclear Transfer Embryo, Human-Animal Hybrid Embryo, Human- Animal Clone Embryo or Human-Animal Chimeric Embryo into a human or Animal uterus.”

19. Japan’s Law on Reproductive Cloning, 2001Law “Article 16 (Penal Provisions) A person who has violated the provisions of Article 3 shall be punished by imprisonment with work for not more than ten years or a fine of not more than ten million yen, or both.

20. Declaration on Human Cloning ：２００ ５ (84 vs. 34 vs. 37) “Member States were called on to adopt all measures necessary to prohibit all forms of human cloning inasmuch as they are incompatible with human dignity and the protection of human life.”

21. Solution Stricter Law = 20 years or 100 million yen

22. Thank You! Q&A