1. The Cold War- Arms Race, Korea and Vietnam

2. The Arms Race Begins  In 1949, the Soviets developed the atomic bomb.

3. Arms Race  In the 1950’s the US developed the first hydrogen bomb, and the Soviets released the satellite Sputnik.

4. Arms Race  Dwight D. Eisenhower was elected to succeed Harry S. Truman as president

5. Arms Race  Nikita Khrushchev succeeded Josef Stalin as Soviet Premier

6. Arms race  In 1957, the launch of the satellite Sputnik into space drastically changes the arms race

7. The U-2 Incident  In 1962, an American pilot, Gary Powers, was searching over Soviet territory in a U-2 plane, which was shot down by Soviets.

8. Korea  A communist supported government emerged in the North  Non-communists emerged in the South

9. Korea  The Soviet Union and China supported the North Korean government.

10. Korea  The United Nations and the United States supported the south and helped them against the North.

11. Invasion of South Korea  North Korea attacked South Korea.  North Korean forces rapidly advanced southward against the ill-equipped defenders, taking the Southern capital Seoul three days after the invasion began.

12. Counteroffensive  They cut off the North Korean army at the Port of Inchon. They also forced their way into the Pusan perimeter. Seoul, Korea’s capital, was taken by the U.N. forces on September 26 th, 1950.

13. Chinese Offensive  The Chinese sent troops to attack the UN forces and push them back in a southward disorderly retreat.

14. A Divided Korea  The War ended with an armistice signed in 1953. Maintaining the division of Korea along the 38 th Parallel.

15. DMZ  The DMZ, or demilitarized zone, was an area within 2 kilometers of the armistice line where no military could go.

16. Casualties  U.N. casualties were estimated at more than 550,000 -- while North Korean and Chinese casualties were believed to be around 1.5 million.

17. SEATO  The Southeast Asia Treaty Organization (SEATO), also known as the Southeast Asia Collective Defense Treaty or the Manila Pact, was an international organization for defensive collaboration established on September 8, 1954.

18. Occupied Berlin  Berlin was occupied by France, Britain, the U.S.S.R., and the U.S.

19. Berlin Wall  West Berlin gave East Germans a glimpse of Western society including democracy and capitalism

20. Berlin Wall  East Germany formally closed the border with West Berlin on the morning of August 13 th, 1961.

21. “Ich bin ein Berliner”  On June 26 th, 1963 US President John F. Kennedy said “I am a citizen of Berlin.”  It was a clear statement of U.S. policy in the wake of the Berlin Wall.

22. Vietnam  An international peace conference in Geneva temporarily divided Vietnam into a communist-led North and non- communist South after French withdrawal.

23. North Vietnam  A communist named Ho Chi Minh governed North Vietnam

24. South Vietnam  In the South, the regime of President Ngo Dinh Diem, an autocratic anti- communist determined to resist the North.  He was murdered by his own soldiers on November 1 st, 1963.

25. Gulf of Tonkin Incident  The U.S.S. Maddox exchanged fire with North Vietnamese torpedo boats in the Gulf of Tonkin.

26. Gulf of Tonkin Resolution  The Gulf of Tonkin Resolution allowed Lyndon Baines Johnson to wage war in Vietnam without a Congressional declaration of war.

27. The Ho Chi Minh Trail  The Ho Chi Minh Trail was a primitive but highly effective supply line that linked North Vietnam with it’s fighters and supporters in the south.

28. Tet Offensive  The Tet Offensive consisted of North Vietnamese attacks that took place during the Tet holiday 1968.

29. End of the Vietnam Conflict  The Paris Peace Accords on January 27, 1973 formally recognized the sovereignty of both sides. Under the terms of the accords all American combat troops were withdrawn by March 29, 1973. Limited fighting continued, but all major fighting ended until the North once again invaded in strength and overpowered the South on April 30, 1975. Paris Peace AccordsJanuary 271973 March 291973April 301975Paris Peace AccordsJanuary 271973 March 291973April 301975

30. Cuba  Revolutionary forces led by Fidel Castro overthrew the Batista government.

31. Bay of Pigs  The Bay of Pigs invasion was a plan to overthrow Castro that was presented to John F. Kennedy soon after his inauguration in 1961.

32. Failure of Bay of Pigs  The US failed to provide air support to invaders.  Castro’s remaining air force quickly destroyed ships carrying vital ammunition supplies for the invaders.

33. Cuban Missile Crisis  Nikita Khrushchev offered to deploy Soviet nuclear missiles in Cuba. Missiles were found 100 miles from the U.S.

34. Resolution in Cuba  The Soviet leader offered to withdraw his missiles from Cuba -- if the United States promised never to invade the island.