1. Race and Ethnicity

2. Does race matter? https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=sam3deneMgk

3. What are the races? Make a list!
What is “race?”
a category of people who share physical characteristics.
What are the races? Make a list!

4. Races in the US (2000 Census)
White
A person having origins in any of the original peoples of Europe, the Middle East, or North Africa. It includes people who indicate their race as "White" or report entries such as Irish, German, Italian, Lebanese, Near Easterner, Arab, or Polish."[11]
Black or African American
A person having origins in any of the Black racial groups of Africa. It includes people who indicate their race as 'Black, African Am., or Negro,' or provide written entries such as African American, Afro American, Kenyan, Nigerian, or Haitian."[11]

5. And the others… Asian Native Hawaiian or Other Pacific Islander
A person having origins in any of the original peoples of the Far East, Southeast Asia, or the Indian subcontinent including, for example, Cambodia, China, India, Japan, Korea, Malaysia, Pakistan, the Philippine Islands, Thailand, and Vietnam. It includes 'Asian Indian,' 'Chinese', 'Filipino', 'Korean', 'Japanese', 'Vietnamese', and 'Other Asian'.
Native Hawaiian or Other Pacific Islander
American Indian and Alaska Native
“Some other Race”
“Two or more races”

6. Our society makes our own definitions Race is socially constructed
What is the difference between different races? (How can you tell the difference?)
Our society makes our own definitions
Race is socially constructed
Definitions vary from society to society and person to person
That list is only the races according to the United States (or at least the US government) in 2000.

7. Barack Obama has a white mother and a black father (he’s half black, half white)
Why is he black? Why isn't he called white? Why isn't he part of a category called "gray"? or "mulatto"
Because of America’s slave and white supremacist history, anyone with any “black blood” is black.
Race is determined by society, and every society (and time period) has different definitions for what races are.

8. Race: a category of people who share physical characteristics.
Past classification:
Caucasoids- fair skin, straight or wavy hair
Mongoloids- yellowish or brownish skin, fold of eyelid called “Asiatic fold”
Negroids- dark skin, wooly hair

9. Where did these terms come from?
Origin of the terms comes from racial "scholars" of the 1800s - many of whom also practiced Craniometry and phrenology(the study of skulls to predict traits or intelligence)
The study of skulls, and other physical traits was used by many scientists and psuedoscientists of the time to justify segregation, imperialism, and racism.
It was a common belief at the time that a large skull meant a large brain and high intellectual capacity, and a small skull indicated a small brain and decreased intellectual capacity.
Pseudoscientists like Samuel George Morton studied skulls from ancient Egypt and argued that the ancient Egyptians were not Negroes, but were Caucasians. (since they had smaller skulls, and were obviously developed)
The different "races" were given different characteristics
The caucasoids were supposed to be smarter and more organized, and the other groups not as much.

10. No clear cut categories
There are some problems with the traditional classification system
Ainu of Japan have white skin and Asian eyes
Bushmen of Africa have yellowish skin and Asian eye
Australian aborigines have dark skin and blonde wooly hair

11. There is practically no genetic basis to race
With cross-breeding and constant movement of people around the world, race becomes very complicated and impossible to truly distinguish
In fact, scientists say there is practically no genetic basis to race! (no such thing)

12. With all of the variety in designations and self-designations, why do we still have, and still talk about race?
The only way that the concept of race survives is because it is socially constructed
Societies and groups decide the definitions of what a race is, and it can vary greatly from person to person or society to society.
Example: Barack Obama – what is his race?
Most call him black- but his father is a black Kenyan dad and mom is white from Kansas
Why is he called black? – In American society – “black” applies even if someone only has a little bit of “African” ancestry. Legally in the south, even 1/16 “black” ancestry made one legally “black”

13. Why do we have race? History and society America’s “one drop rule”
Slave states made slaves of any with almost any black ancestor
The story of Homer Adolph Plessy

14. Why do we still have race today?
Tradition passed down, despite scientific facts. (There is more genetic variety within "whites" then there is difference between the average "white" and the average "black")
People are still treated differently on the basis of the color of their skin

15. “How Can a Plane Ride Change Your Race?”
Basic Brazilian racial classification system

16. What is White? How many of you are white?
(after raised hands) – how many Irish, Italian, Polish, Czech, Yugoslavian, Ukrainian, Russian, Jewish
150 years ago you were NOT white.

17. Ethnic group: a group of individuals who have a common cultural background

18. Difference races, same ethnicity

19. Ethnicity: cultural characteristics that distinguish one group from another; based on national origin, religion, language, customs, values

20. Sometimes ethnicity goes beyond national origin
Sometimes ethnicity goes beyond national origin. Jewish people linked by a common history and family values.

21. What about you???
Do you do anything “ethnic” for holidays or special occasions? Or are you fully “American”?
ethnic group is a group of people whose members identify with each other, through a common heritage that is real or assumed
A shared culture