1. LATI 50 INTRODUCTION TO LATIN AMERICA RACE, CLASS, AND SOCIAL STRUCTURE (part 1)

2. CLASS STRUCTURE Upper Class:  Urban (industrialists, bankers)  Rural (landowners) Middle Class:  Urban (merchants, lawyers, etc.)  Rural (small farmers) Popular/Lower Class:  Urban (workers)  Rural (peasants, campesinos) National Institutions:  State (including military)  Church External Sector:  Economic (investors, merchants)  Political (foreign governments)

3. CENTRAL THEMES Structures of social domination and control Exclusion, oppression, cooptation (and liberation?) Focus: class, race, and gender Reference: Chronicles of a Death Foretold

4. SHADINGS BY RACE Race as a social construct Indigenous peoples: exploitation and discrimination African-origin peoples and slavery Myths of miscegenation:  Mestizaje and the “cosmic race” (raza cósmica)  Mulattos and Brazilian “escape hatch”

5. THE CONTEXT OF BOLIVIA War of the Pacific (1879-83) 80 % indigenous Mining (silver, tin) and agriculture Chaco War (1932-35) = incorporation Revolution of 1952 = mobilization Populist military rule (1970s-80s) Coca leaf and campesinos 60 % indigenous Evo Morales (2005-)