1. Nihonga and Yôga

2. Trends Early Meiji 1870s--yôga favored for its superior technique, approach to reality –Kawakami Tôgai, Koyama Shôtarô Middle Meiji 1880s--emergence of self- conscious Japanese painting –Okakura Tenshin, Yokoyama Taikan Late Meiji 1896ff--dual acceptance and promotion

3. European painting (as perceived in Japan) Vanishing point perspective Depiction of light sources in picture Mastery of anatomical/botanical structures Careful illusionist drawing This much known in Tokugawa era--e.g. Maruyama Okyo…

4. Maruyama Okyo (1733-95) Megane-e

5. Kawakami Tôgai 1827 born to wealthy farming family Adopted by Kawakami samurai family on move to Edo Trained in western art, believer in rationality, practicality, scientific skills

6. Kawakami 1857 joins Tokugawa bakufu institute for study of the barbarians 1869 Kawakami founds private art school for Western art State patronage: –1872-1885 Kawakami primer in pencil drawing part of elementary school curriculum –Early 1870s Kawakami instructor in military academies –1876-1882 Technological Art School founded--Antonio Fontanesi

7. Rokumeikan era [following page image from National Diet Library]

8. Rokumeikan

9. Rokumeikan Charity Bazaar

10. Rokumeikan ladies meeting

11. Meiji Constitution 1889

12. 1888-96 Gov’t Art School reopened, under Okakura Okakura TenshinYokoyama Taikan

13. Kutsugen, Taikan 1898 Chinese poet Ch’u Yuan, 4th c. B.C. known for “Li Sao,” a story of personal travails

15. Whose orient? Pierre Loti “Madamme Chrysanthemum”

17. Yokoyama Taikan, Ryuuto 1909 Link to Tenshin Memorial Museum of ArtTenshin Memorial Museum of Art Close-up

18. Manga from Meiji Source: Both images taken from Peter Duus, “Presidential Address: Weapons of the Weak, Weapons of the Strong-- the Development of the Japanese Political Cartoon.” Journal of Asian Studies 60.4 (November 2001). Japan outpacing China in Civilization Race, from Marumaru Chinbun, early Meiji.

19. MarukiMaruki murals

20. Maruki panels: Fire 1950