1. ECOLOGY 3 WEEK ASSESSMENT REVIEW

2. Human activities can cause certain species to become extinct, by affecting the specie’s habitat or food supply. Could species adapt to different surroundings and food over time? What if the change in food or habitat happened very quickly? Yes No, adaptation takes time

3. What is an example of a herbivore? Any organism that eats producers. Deer, Rabbit, Mouse etc…..

4. What are 2 synonyms for producer? Plants or Autotrophs

5. Put the following on the pyramid in order of greatest biomass, or energy, or total number. Grass Wolf Raccoon Grasshopper Grass Grasshopper Raccoon Wolf Producers 1 st Consumer 2 nd Consumer 3 rd Consumer

6. Why is this shape useful? Each trophic level supports a lesser amount of biomass.

7. Which population in this food chain is most likely to have the greatest biomass? A Grass B White-tailed deer C Mountain lions D Vultures Grass →White-tailed deer → Mountain lions → Vultures

8. If an organism grows on a tree limb without harming the tree, what type of relationship would most likely be exhibited? Commensalism What if the organism harmed the tree? Parasitism

9. Why are most humans considered omnivorous? (omnivores) Because they eat plants and animals.

10. According to this food web, which of these is an omnivore? F Caterpillar G Mouse H Ant J Fly larva Omnivores eat both plants and animals. Arrows point “to” the eater. Eats corn. Eats corn and grass Eats corn and grass and caterpillars Eats birds and caterpillars

11. Fox Cat Mouse Rabbit Grass Explain which animals would be affected if a disease killed out all the grass. All would be affected because of lack of food.

12. After primary succession produces soil, in what order would these plants become established? 3 rd 1 st 2 nd

13. If a bee eats nectar from flowers and pollinates the flowers at the same time, what type of relationship would it be? Mutualism, they both get something good.

14. In a habitat, horned toads eat ants and ants eat grass. What would happen to the number of ants and amount of grass if horned toads became extinct? The ants would increase in number and eat more of the grass causing the grass to decrease.

15. In a habitat, horned toads eat ants and ants eat grass. What would happen if the number of horned toads increased? The amount of grass would increase because there would be less ants to eat it.

16. If there are 50,000 kilocalories of energy at the producer level in a habitat, how many kilocalories would be at the tertiary consumer level? 50 tertiary 500 secondary 5,000 primary 50,000 producer

17. If desert bats pollinate cactus flowers, where do you think they get their food? From the cactus! What type of relationship is it? Mutualism Both get something good.

18. Give 2 examples of parasitic relationships. One benefits and the other is harmed. Tick and dog, flea and cat, mistletoe and tree, mosquito and human etc….

19. In the carbon cycle, dead plant and animal tissue become food for what two groups of organisms? Scavengers and Decomposers Give 2 examples of each. HyenasFungi BuzzardsBacteriaEtc….

20. How could using a parasite for wasp larvae (immature wasps) help control the wasp population? The parasite could damage or kill the larvae, reducing the number that would become adults and reproduce.

21. In the nitrogen cycle, what organisms that live in soil and on roots fix or make usable by plants the greatest amount of nitrogen? Bacteria fix the most nitrogen.

22. What trophic level of a food web would be the most damaging if it died out? producers Can you explain why? All the energy in the system starts with the producers. All other levels would run out of food eventually.

23. What trophic level contains the most energy? Producer Secondary Consumer Primary Consumer Tertiary Consumer Producers

24. When two species try to capture the same resources, what is it called? competition Which species according to natural selection will survive? The species with the best adaptations, which give it an advantage. Survival of the fittest.