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Published byHester Fox Modified over 9 years ago
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Unit 9: Body Plan of Higher Organisms: Vertebrates Exercise 1:
The Frog, a Representative Vertebrate (Class Amphibia) By: Dr. Motasem Almasri
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External Morphology: The major body parts: Head Trunk Limbs
It lacks a tail or a neck regions.
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External Morphology: Eye protrudes from head, returns in orbit
Nostril (external nares) lead to nasal chamber and can be closed by valves Eye protrudes from head, returns in orbit when closed & has nictitating membrane for protection N.B: internal nares are within the mouth Tympanum (eardrum) No outer ears
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Forelimbs- short & support the anterior portion
Hindlimbs- Folded together at rest had five toes connected by a web Forelimbs- short & support the anterior portion 4 digits & a rudiment of thumb Large Mouth
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Mouth Cavity a. Esophagus opening (transverse slit) b. Vomerine teeth
3. Internal nares 5. Eustachian tube opening 7. tongue 8. Glottis
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The Integument (Skin)
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Circulatory System It consists of: Heart. Arteries. Veins.
Capillaries. Lymph space
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The Heart
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The Heart pericardial membrane
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The Heart RAVC
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Venous System
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Arterial System
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Lungs
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Digestive system
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Digestive system
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Digestive system Stomach ileum
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Digestive system 16.Small intestine 17.Liver 18.Large intestine
19.Stomach
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The Urogenital system It includes the urinary and reproductive system.
Urinary System:
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Female Reproductive System
Ovary with eggs Oviduct N.B: Ovaries vary greatly in size and appearance at different seasons. Not directly connected to oviduct
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Female Reproductive System
Spleen Fat bodies Large intestine Ovary with eggs Oviduct
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Male Reproductive System
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Male Reproductive System
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The Skeletal System Skull (opening)
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The Skeletal System
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Muscular System
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Mylohyoid
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Muscular System 9.Gastrocnemius Achilles tendon
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Views of frog brain
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Cranial Nerves in Frog and Their General Functions
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Note: Branchial nerve figure 9.15 Sciatic nerve figure 9.15
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