2. Compass Rose – shows compass directions Map Scale – shows distance Map Key – for showing the meaning of symbols

3. Political Maps – show countries, states, & cities Specialized Maps – show population, rainfall, etc. Table – lists information about two or more things Bar Graph – helps readers compare amounts

4. A category is a group of people, animals, things, or ideas that are alike. To classify means to put similar items in groups according to their similarities. Sorting information by categorizing and classifying helps readers understand and remember what they read. It also helps readers understand the things those categories have in common.

5. A noun names a person, a place, a thing, or an idea. To form the plural of most nouns, add –s or –es. To form the plural of a noun ending with x, s, ch, sh, or ss, add –es. To form the plural of a noun ending with a consonant + y, change the y to i and add –es. To form the plural of a noun ending in a vowel + y, add –s. Singular NounPlural Noun valley birch fern moss blackberry bluejay

6. A noun names a person, a place, a thing, or an idea. To form the plural of most nouns, add –s or –es. To form the plural of a noun ending with x, s, ch, sh, or ss, add –es. To form the plural of a noun ending with a consonant + y, change the y to i and add –es. To form the plural of a noun ending in a vowel + y, add –s. Singular NounPlural Noun valleyvalleys birch fern moss blackberry bluejay

7. A noun names a person, a place, a thing, or an idea. To form the plural of most nouns, add –s or –es. To form the plural of a noun ending with x, s, ch, sh, or ss, add –es. To form the plural of a noun ending with a consonant + y, change the y to i and add –es. To form the plural of a noun ending in a vowel + y, add –s. Singular NounPlural Noun valleyvalleys birchbirches fern moss blackberry bluejay

8. A noun names a person, a place, a thing, or an idea. To form the plural of most nouns, add –s or –es. To form the plural of a noun ending with x, s, ch, sh, or ss, add –es. To form the plural of a noun ending with a consonant + y, change the y to i and add –es. To form the plural of a noun ending in a vowel + y, add –s. Singular NounPlural Noun valleyvalleys birchbirches fernferns moss blackberry bluejay

9. A noun names a person, a place, a thing, or an idea. To form the plural of most nouns, add –s or –es. To form the plural of a noun ending with x, s, ch, sh, or ss, add –es. To form the plural of a noun ending with a consonant + y, change the y to i and add –es. To form the plural of a noun ending in a vowel + y, add –s. Singular NounPlural Noun valleyvalleys birchbirches fernferns mossmosses blackberry bluejay

10. A noun names a person, a place, a thing, or an idea. To form the plural of most nouns, add –s or –es. To form the plural of a noun ending with x, s, ch, sh, or ss, add –es. To form the plural of a noun ending with a consonant + y, change the y to i and add –es. To form the plural of a noun ending in a vowel + y, add –s. Singular NounPlural Noun valleyvalleys birchbirches fernferns mossmosses blackberry bluejay

11. A noun names a person, a place, a thing, or an idea. To form the plural of most nouns, add –s or –es. To form the plural of a noun ending with x, s, ch, sh, or ss, add –es. To form the plural of a noun ending with a consonant + y, change the y to i and add –es. To form the plural of a noun ending in a vowel + y, add –s. Singular NounPlural Noun valleyvalleys birchbirches fernferns mossmosses blackberryblackberri bluejay

12. A noun names a person, a place, a thing, or an idea. To form the plural of most nouns, add –s or –es. To form the plural of a noun ending with x, s, ch, sh, or ss, add –es. To form the plural of a noun ending with a consonant + y, change the y to i and add –es. To form the plural of a noun ending in a vowel + y, add –s. Singular NounPlural Noun valleyvalleys birchbirches fernferns mossmosses blackberryblackberries bluejay

13. A noun names a person, a place, a thing, or an idea. To form the plural of most nouns, add –s or –es. To form the plural of a noun ending with x, s, ch, sh, or ss, add –es. To form the plural of a noun ending with a consonant + y, change the y to i and add –es. To form the plural of a noun ending in a vowel + y, add –s. Singular NounPlural Noun valleyvalleys birchbirches fernferns mossmosses blackberryblackberries bluejaybluejays

14. In some nouns that end in f or fe, the f changes to a v before –s or –es is added. In nouns that end in o, the plural may be formed by adding either –s or –es. Some nouns have plural forms that do not end in –s or –es. Some nouns have the same singular and plural form. Singular NounPlural Noun leaf life hero radio child deer

15. In some nouns that end in f or fe, the f changes to a v before –s or –es is added. In nouns that end in o, the plural may be formed by adding either –s or –es. Some nouns have plural forms that do not end in –s or –es. Some nouns have the same singular and plural form. Singular NounPlural Noun leafleav life hero radio child deer

16. In some nouns that end in f or fe, the f changes to a v before –s or –es is added. In nouns that end in o, the plural may be formed by adding either –s or –es. Some nouns have plural forms that do not end in –s or –es. Some nouns have the same singular and plural form. Singular NounPlural Noun leafleaves life hero radio child deer

17. In some nouns that end in f or fe, the f changes to a v before –s or –es is added. In nouns that end in o, the plural may be formed by adding either –s or –es. Some nouns have plural forms that do not end in –s or –es. Some nouns have the same singular and plural form. Singular NounPlural Noun leafleaves lifeliv hero radio child deer

18. In some nouns that end in f or fe, the f changes to a v before –s or –es is added. In nouns that end in o, the plural may be formed by adding either –s or –es. Some nouns have plural forms that do not end in –s or –es. Some nouns have the same singular and plural form. Singular NounPlural Noun leafleaves lifelives hero radio child deer

19. In some nouns that end in f or fe, the f changes to a v before –s or –es is added. In nouns that end in o, the plural may be formed by adding either –s or –es. Some nouns have plural forms that do not end in –s or –es. Some nouns have the same singular and plural form. Singular NounPlural Noun leafleaves lifelives heroheroes radio child deer

20. In some nouns that end in f or fe, the f changes to a v before –s or –es is added. In nouns that end in o, the plural may be formed by adding either –s or –es. Some nouns have plural forms that do not end in –s or –es. Some nouns have the same singular and plural form. Singular NounPlural Noun leafleaves lifelives heroheroes radioradios child deer

21. In some nouns that end in f or fe, the f changes to a v before –s or –es is added. In nouns that end in o, the plural may be formed by adding either –s or –es. Some nouns have plural forms that do not end in –s or –es. Some nouns have the same singular and plural form. Singular NounPlural Noun leafleaves lifelives heroheroes radioradios childchildren deer

22. In some nouns that end in f or fe, the f changes to a v before –s or –es is added. In nouns that end in o, the plural may be formed by adding either –s or –es. Some nouns have plural forms that do not end in –s or –es. Some nouns have the same singular and plural form. Singular NounPlural Noun leafleaves lifelives heroheroes radioradios childchildren deer

23. /ō/ patterns: 0_e, oa, ow, and o slope, boast, thrown, stroll /ōō/ patterns: u_e, ue, ew, oo, ui, ou rule, clue, dew, choose, cruise, route /yōō/ patterns: u_e, ue, ew, u cube, cue, few, music

24. A word root is a word part that has meaning, but is not a word by itself. rupt means “break” struct means “build” WordMeaning eruption destructive reconstructed interrupt

25. A word root is a word part that has meaning, but is not a word by itself. rupt means “break” struct means “build” WordMeaning eruption sudden outbreak; outburst destructive reconstructed interrupt

26. A word root is a word part that has meaning, but is not a word by itself. rupt means “break” struct means “build” WordMeaning eruption sudden outbreak; outburst structure something built or constructed reconstructed interrupt

27. A word root is a word part that has meaning, but is not a word by itself. rupt means “break” struct means “build” WordMeaning eruption sudden outbreak; outburst structure something built or constructed reconstructedrebuild interrupt

28. A word root is a word part that has meaning but is not a word by itself. rupt means “break” struct means “build” WordMeaning eruption sudden outbreak; outburst structure something built or constructed reconstructedrebuild interrupt to make a break in the continuity of