1. The Renaissance & William Shakespeare’s Theater By: Luis Garcia Period 1

2. Re-Birth Renaissance literal meaning in French is “re-birth” and in Italian “to be reborn”. It was the start of a grand cultural movement spanning throughout all of Europe roughly from the 14 th century to the 17 th century. The start of our modern world.

3. Influences The Renaissance greatly affected the European intellectual life in early modern history. Beginning in Italy, it spread its influences throughout Europe by the 16 th century. These influences had a profound affect in literature, philosophy, art, music, politics, science, religion, and other intellectual aspects. Influences that came to be our modern life today.

4. Embodiment This was the time where the embodiment of modern literature came to be. The innovative flowering of Latin and vernacular literature from such writers as William Shakespeare, Geoffrey Chaucer, and Leonardo Da Vinci to name a few. Art during this time develop the use of linear perspective and other techniques for creating a more natural reality in painting. Politics contributed the development of diplomacy and science also gain an increased reliance of observation.

5. Known Today Such examples we know below came to be due to the Renaissance. The exquisite yet mysterious Mona Lisa by Da Vinci, Shakespeare’s quote from his play Hamlet “To be or not to be, that is the question”, and the science of a perfect proportional man drawn, also by Da Vinci.

6. Father of Literature William Shakespeare, an English poet, playwright, and actor is regarded as the greatest writer in the English language. His profound works include 38 plays. 154 sonnets(fourteen line poems using any number of rhyme schemes), two long narrative poems, and a few other verses. Speculation says that Shakespeare’s lost works were some of his greatest yet never found.

7. Bringing Modern Theater

8. Globe Theatre & Others The first theater to open as we know it was called the Theatre and was built at shoreditch, London in 1576. Before the Theatre, plays would be performed in court yards of inns, houses of nobles, or even open grounds. The opening of the Theatre prompt the opening of more playhouses in London such as the Rose Theatre(1587), Hope Theatre(1613) and the most famous theater, built by a company which Shakespeare had a claim in… The Globe Theatre, opening in 1599.

9. The 1 st Globe Theatre Also referred to as the Shakespearean Globe, the Globe was built by a carpenter Peter Smith and his workers. It was the most gorgeous theater London has ever laid eyes on as seen in the drawing of the previous slide “Bringing Modern Theater” which was built between 1597-1598. Able to hold several thousand people it was not only known as a playhouse, it was also known to be a brothel, and gambling house. Old maps of London clearly show the architecture of the magnificent structure so it was able to be drawn. However no interior drawing is in existence.

10. One Possible Interior A surviving picture of The Swan’s interior, which was a similar design theater with the Globe. This interior drawing is a good guide to interpret the interior of the 1 st Globe.

11. Huge Success Plays were huge events as flocks of people would not only crowd the interior but also outside the theater so money came raining in. The constant demand for new material was astonishing and rivalries grown between the playhouses. Funny Fact: Since Women weren’t allowed to perform, Men cross dressed and played Women during their performances. As soon as a play was written, it was immediately produce and printed. In a sense, the actors performing would be using “foul papers”.

12. Rivalries Rival Theaters would send their members to attend other plays and forge copies of the plays they attended. Copyright did not exist during this time so alternative versions to Shakespeare’s plays came to be. These inferior text copies of Shakespeare’s plays were called Quarto Texts.

13. Globe Theatre’s crest & motto Hercules carrying the globe above his shoulders with the motto translating “the whole world is a playhouse”. The motto was reworded in Shakespeare’s play As You Like It; “All the world’s a stage” which was performed at the Globe.

14. Set Fire & Rebuilt The Globe was the only one in use until June 29 th 1613 a fire broke out in the theater. The cannon used for special effects and grand entrances was loaded with gunpowder and wadding. The roof caught fire and the theater burnt to the ground. It’s not known if there were any casualties. In 1614 the Globe was rebuilt and referred as the Globe 2.

15. The End for Theater In 1642, under force from the Puritans who were a religious faction, the English Parliament issued an ordinance suppressing all stage plays in theaters. Tension increased and the English Civil War broke out in 1642 between the Puritans and the Royalists. In 1644, the Puritans demolished the Globe Theatre and in 1647 stricter rules were passed regarding plays and theaters. In 1648, all playhouses were issued to be pulled down and all players to be seized and whipped. Also anyone caught attending a play would be fined 5 shillings.

16. Restored In 1660, after the English Monarchy is restored due to the decline of Puritan power, the theaters were opened again. Yet the Globe was never rebuilt after being lost in the civil war.

17. Not the End A modern reconstruction of the Globe Theatre opened in 1997 London and is approximately 750 feet from the original site of the theater.

18. Thank you for your Time