1. Level-of-Service based evaluation of freight transport Competition and Regulation in Network Industries 2013 Brussels, Belgium 1 Competition and Regulation in Network Industries 2013 Friday, November 22 nd 2013

2. Contents 2  Introduction  Quality measurements in industrial networks (QoS)  Four different types of Service Quality (SQ)  Main differences between freight and passenger transport  Level-of-Service (LoS)  Design of an intermodal LoS  Application area of the LoS  Transport modes and transshipment points  Networks  Summary Competition and Regulation in Network Industries 2013 Friday, November 22 nd 2013

3. Introduction 3 Competition and Regulation in Network Industries 2013 Friday, November 22 nd 2013 International freight steady growing tendency Public and private interests in increase capacity and quality Building new infrastructure Traditionally Scarcer resources Measure quality entire transport chain: Identify weak parts of the network, so resources can be optimally allocated  No international agreement for freight transport quality  No standardized method to compare QoS by different modes Develop method to evaluate holistically quality provided by corridors and shipments quality perceived by the shippers Less resources needed, smarter investments PROBLEMSSOLUTION PROPOSED

4. Quality measurements in industrial networks (QoS) 4  Similarities:  Temporal patterns of consumption  Initial elevated costs  …  Methods to measure QoS  SERVQUAL, SERVPERF, RSQS, DEA…  Measure gaps between costumer expectations and experience Competition and Regulation in Network Industries 2013 Friday, November 22 nd 2013

5. Four different types of Service Quality (SQ) 5 Needs of the Commodity group shipped Elements of the transport chain EN 13816 Costumers would like to have Costumers think they receive Service providers would like to offer Service providers really offer Freight transport Competition and Regulation in Network Industries 2013 Friday, November 22 nd 2013

6. Main differences between freight and passenger transport 6 FreightPassengers Must be loaded and transferred Board, get off and transfer without assistance Information must be processed through logistics managers Process information and act on it without assistance Logistics managers meet choices between transport modes rationally Make choices between transport modes without assistance but often irrationally Require limited travel accommodations Require travel accommodations related to comfort and safety Competition and Regulation in Network Industries 2013 Friday, November 22 nd 2013

7. Level-of-Service  LoS road transport (HCM 1965)  LoS Pedestrians and Public transport (Scherer 2010)  Freight intermodal terminals (Ballis 2004) 7 Competition and Regulation in Network Industries 2013 Friday, November 22 nd 2013

8. Design of an intermodal LoS  Adapted from Scherer 2010 8 Competition and Regulation in Network Industries 2013 Friday, November 22 nd 2013

9. Application area of the LoS 9 Competition and Regulation in Network Industries 2013 Friday, November 22 nd 2013

10. Transport modes and transshipment points  Road  Rail 10 Competition and Regulation in Network Industries 2013 Friday, November 22 nd 2013  Inland Waterways  Short Sea Shipping and  Intermodal Terminals

11. Networks  TEN-T Network (infrastructure) 11 Competition and Regulation in Network Industries 2013 Friday, November 22 nd 2013

12. Networks  Xrail Network (service)  Reliability - 90% minimum reliability rate relative to the proposed time of arrival.  Transport information - valuable information provided before, during and after the transport  Offer process - transport quotes will be provided within a maximum of 3 working days. 12 Competition and Regulation in Network Industries 2013 Friday, November 22 nd 2013

13. Summary  QoS and LoS are a common research topic  LoS for road, public and light transport already exist  Los for intermodal pedestrians and public transport exist  LoS for intermodal freight terminals already exist  Big difference in transshipment behavior between public and freight transport  Public and private entities try to collaborate to improve their freight networks Developing LoS for freight transport might be a useful tool to optimize allocation of investments and to help shippers to optimize their logistic networks. 13 Competition and Regulation in Network Industries 2013 Friday, November 22 nd 2013

14. Thank you for your attention Albert Mancera Sugrañes PhD Student ETH Zürich albert.mancera@ivt.baug.ethz.ch +41 44 633 28 38 14 Competition and Regulation in Network Industries 2013 Friday, November 22 nd 2013