1. PRINCIPLES of PEST CONTROL

2. What is a PEST? Anything that competes, injures, spreads disease, or just annoys us Most organisms are not pests

3. Pest Categories Continuous pest Nearly always present –Requires regular control

4. Pest Categories Sporadic, migratory, or cyclical pest –Require control occasionally

5. Pest Categories Potential pest –Don’t require control under normal circumstances

6. Pest Control Goals Prevention When the pest’s presence and damage can be predicted

7. Pest Control Goals Suppression Reducing pest population to an acceptable level

8. Pest Control Goals Eradication Not common in outdoor conditions Indoor is possible

9. Threshold Level of pest population that action should be taken to prevent harm

10. Threshold Action threshold is based on visual damage or health

11. Threshold Economic threshold is the level at which cost of harm (yield) exceeds cost of control

12. Pest Monitoring Insects: trapping and scouting

13. Pest Monitoring Weed: visual inspection Timing emergence

14. Pest Monitoring Disease: scouting symptoms and conditions

15. Integrated Pest Management (IPM) Combining appropriate pest control tactics into a single plan

16. Integrated Pest Management (IPM) Host resistance Some species, and some varieties of species, resist pests

17. Integrated Pest Management (IPM) Host resistance Repel pest: chemicals produced naturally by plant

18. Integrated Pest Management (IPM) Host resistance Tolerance: grows vigorous enough to overcome damage

19. Integrated Pest Management (IPM) Host resistance Physical: some characteristic makes it difficult for pest Pubescent leaf

20. Biological Support predator populations –Diverse planting –Native plants Integrated Pest Management (IPM)

21. Biological Release predators Integrated Pest Management (IPM)

22. Biological Pheromone traps Integrated Pest Management (IPM)

23. Cultural : alter environment, host, or conditions Crop rotation Integrated Pest Management (IPM)

24. Cultural : alter environment, host, or conditions Fertilization Integrated Pest Management (IPM)

25. Cultural : alter environment, host, or conditions Pruning Integrated Pest Management (IPM)

26. Mechanical Physical controls –Handpick Integrated Pest Management (IPM)

27. Mechanical Screens and barriers Integrated Pest Management (IPM)

28. Sanitation Removal of debris that harbors pests Diseased foliage Integrated Pest Management (IPM)

29. Sanitation Overwintering pests Integrated Pest Management (IPM)

30. Chemical Destroys, controls, or prevents pests Integrated Pest Management (IPM)

31. Chemical failure Bad timing Wrong chemical Wrong dosage

32. Chemical failure Resistance Pest populations develop resistance to chemical Occurs when the same chemical is used Rotate chemicals