1. Fire lighting and shelter building

2. Shelters

3. Why bother? Shade Warmth Repel wind and rain Comfort Home Storage

4. Size matters!! Be sensible – bigger isn’t always better Make as small as possible It needs to be big enough to accommodate you But it needs to be small enough to contain the heat from your body/bodies

5. Where? Avoid if possible: Stream/river edges Valley bottoms or hill tops Exposed areas Underneath precarious looking branches Aim for: Flat areas Near sources of wood, water and materials

6. Structure Strong Framework Back to the wind No gaps Thick insulation

7. Types of shelter Lean to Debris teepee Snow cave Igloo

8. Fire Lighting

9. Grading Tinder Fine kindling (match to pencil) Kindling (pencil to finger) Main fuel (finger to wrist) Large fuel (wrist to leg) Extra large fuel (leg upwards)

10. Quantity of material required Tinder Fine Kindling Kindling Main fuel Large fuel Logs

11. Remember Have enough material to light the fire well before starting Always light in order of grading Get three time as much wood as you think you need Have patience

12. Styles of fire

13. Upside down fire

14. Teepee Fire

15. Star Fire (Cross fire)