1. Oral Cancer Presenters: Lacey Brunson Renee Sanders Shanequa Bryant SC AHEC Nursing, Dental & Medicine Careers Academy June 5, 2009

2. What Is Cancer? Diseases containing abnormal cells that divide and spread uncontrollably Diseases containing abnormal cells that divide and spread uncontrollably Abnormal cells combine to form a growth or tumor that can be benign or malignant. Abnormal cells combine to form a growth or tumor that can be benign or malignant.

3. Benign Vs. Malignant Does not spread Does not spread Rarely life threatening Rarely life threatening Can be removed Can be removed Spreads to other parts of the body Life threatening Can be removed, but it may grow back

4. Definition of Oral Cancer Oral cancer: a disease that is found in the tissues of the lip or mouth; cancer of lip and oral cavity Oral cancer: a disease that is found in the tissues of the lip or mouth; cancer of lip and oral cavity Associated with a group of cancers referred to as head and neck cancers Associated with a group of cancers referred to as head and neck cancers Begin in the tongue and in the floor of the mouth, but they can spread to parts of the neck, lungs, and other body parts Begin in the tongue and in the floor of the mouth, but they can spread to parts of the neck, lungs, and other body parts

5. Signs and Symptoms Sores that do not heal within 14 days Sores that do not heal within 14 days Bleeding in mouth Bleeding in mouth Lump in neck Lump in neck Earache Earache Loose teeth Loose teeth Dentures will not fit well Dentures will not fit well Pain or numbness in mouth Difficulty chewing or swallowing Bad breath Patches on the lip or in the mouth that are red, white, or a mixture of both

6. Causes of Oral Cancer Tobacco Use Tobacco Use Alcohol Use Alcohol Use Sun Exposure Sun Exposure Chronic Irritation Chronic Irritation Human Papillomavirus (HPV) Human Papillomavirus (HPV)

7. Diagnosis Dentists may detect symptoms of oral cancer by observing the roof and floor of the mouth, back of throat, inside cheeks, lips, and the neck area. Dentists may detect symptoms of oral cancer by observing the roof and floor of the mouth, back of throat, inside cheeks, lips, and the neck area. A biopsy can determine if the abnormal area is actually cancer. A biopsy can determine if the abnormal area is actually cancer. The pathologist observes the cells under a microscope to check for cancer cells. The pathologist observes the cells under a microscope to check for cancer cells.

8. Statistics on Oral Cancer Accounts for 2% of all cancers Accounts for 2% of all cancers 40 years of age and older are at a higher risk 40 years of age and older are at a higher risk Over 35,000 people will be diagnosed Over 35,000 people will be diagnosed Over 7,600 will die from the disease Over 7,600 will die from the disease Mortality Rate Is Higher Than Other Cancers Mortality Rate Is Higher Than Other Cancers

9. Survival Rate by Stage of Diagnosis

10. Populations At Risk

11. Treatment Surgery Surgery Some include: Some include: Primary tumor resection Primary tumor resection Mandible resection Mandible resection Neck resection Neck resection Radiation therapy Radiation therapy Chemotherapy Chemotherapy

12. Side Effects of Treatment Swelling Swelling Sore mouth Sore mouth Difficulty chewing, swallowing, or talking Difficulty chewing, swallowing, or talking Changes to appearance Changes to appearance Weight loss Weight loss Inability to wear dentures for a period of time Inability to wear dentures for a period of time Fatigue Lowered immune system Nausea Vomiting Mouth sores Lost of appetite

13. http://www.oralcancerfoundation.org/dental/slide_show.htm

14. Linkage to Oral Cancer Persistent gum disease can lead to oral cancer and other potential life threatening conditions like: Persistent gum disease can lead to oral cancer and other potential life threatening conditions like: Heart Disease Heart Disease Stroke Stroke Diabetes Diabetes Chronic Kidney Disease (CDK) Chronic Kidney Disease (CDK) Preterm Birth Preterm Birth Human Papilloma Virus (HPV) Human Papilloma Virus (HPV)

15. Health Disparities Health Disparities are differences in health conditions or outcomes among specific population groups in the United States. Health Disparities are differences in health conditions or outcomes among specific population groups in the United States. Some include: Some include: Environmental factors – rural and urban poor Environmental factors – rural and urban poor Economical factors – working poor Economical factors – working poor Cultural factor – language barrier Cultural factor – language barrier Accessibility to care Accessibility to care Quality of care Quality of care

16. Prevention Ways To Educate People Ways To Educate People Advertising & Visuals Advertising & Visuals Developing Culturally Appropriate Messages Developing Culturally Appropriate Messages Educate in local schools, colleges, health clinics, churches, and community centers Educate in local schools, colleges, health clinics, churches, and community centers Why It Is Important Why It Is Important Early Detection Early Detection Decrease Mortality Rate Decrease Mortality Rate

17. References Health Disparities. National Association of Chronic Disease Directors. http://www.chronicdisease.org/i14a/pages/index.cfm?pageid=3447. June 4, 2008. Health Disparities. National Association of Chronic Disease Directors. http://www.chronicdisease.org/i14a/pages/index.cfm?pageid=3447. June 4, 2008. http://www.chronicdisease.org/i14a/pages/index.cfm?pageid=3447 Treatment for Oral Cancer. 2009. The Ohio State University Medical Center. June 3, 2008. http://medicalcenter.osu.edu/patientcare/healthcare_services/mens_health/oral_cancer/Pages/i ndex.aspx Treatment for Oral Cancer. 2009. The Ohio State University Medical Center. June 3, 2008. http://medicalcenter.osu.edu/patientcare/healthcare_services/mens_health/oral_cancer/Pages/i ndex.aspx http://medicalcenter.osu.edu/patientcare/healthcare_services/mens_health/oral_cancer/Pages/i ndex.aspx http://medicalcenter.osu.edu/patientcare/healthcare_services/mens_health/oral_cancer/Pages/i ndex.aspx Side Effects of Oral Cancer. 2009. The Ohio State University Medical Center. June 3, 2008. http://medicalcenter.osu.edu/patientcare/healthcare_services/mens_health/oral_cancer/Pages/i ndex.aspx Side Effects of Oral Cancer. 2009. The Ohio State University Medical Center. June 3, 2008. http://medicalcenter.osu.edu/patientcare/healthcare_services/mens_health/oral_cancer/Pages/i ndex.aspx http://medicalcenter.osu.edu/patientcare/healthcare_services/mens_health/oral_cancer/Pages/i ndex.aspx http://medicalcenter.osu.edu/patientcare/healthcare_services/mens_health/oral_cancer/Pages/i ndex.aspx Gum Disease. May 2009. What is Gum Disease? June 4, 2009. http://dentistry.about.com/od/issuesandemergencies/a/importantbrush.htm. Gum Disease. May 2009. What is Gum Disease? June 4, 2009. http://dentistry.about.com/od/issuesandemergencies/a/importantbrush.htm. http://dentistry.about.com/od/issuesandemergencies/a/importantbrush.htm The Oral Cancer Foundation (2009, June 4). Oral Cancer Facts. Retrieved June 4, 2009, The Oral Cancer Foundation (2009, June 4). Oral Cancer Facts. Retrieved June 4, 2009, from. http://www.oralcancerfoundation.org/facts/index.htm American Association of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgeons (2005-2008). Early Detection American Association of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgeons (2005-2008). Early Detection and Treatment Provide A Better Chance For Cure. Retrieved June 4, 2009, from. http://www.aaoms.org/oral_cancer.php National Institute of Dental and Craniofacial Research (2008, October). Oral Cancer Statistics. National Institute of Dental and Craniofacial Research (2008, October). Oral Cancer Statistics. retrieved June 3, 2009, from <http://www.nidcr.nih.gov/OralHealth/T opics/Oral cancer/OralCancerStatistics.htm>. Oral Cancer Picture (June 4, 2009). Oral Cancer Picture (June 4, 2009). http://www.tobaccofacts.info/images/20050817-oral- cancer-1.jpghttp://www.tobaccofacts.info/images/20050817-oral- cancer-1.jpg Oral Cancer Picture (June 4, 2009). Oral Cancer Picture (June 4, 2009). http://www.topnews.in/health/files/Oral-Cancer.JPG Oral Cancer Picture (June 4, 2009). Oral Cancer Picture (June 4, 2009). http://www.deward.com/images/Perfect_NormalSmile.jpg