1. Paint Gun Cleaning Solvent Recycling

2. Current Practices  Thinners and organic solvents provide effective cleaning  Acetone and Methyl acetate blends exempt VOCs, not regulated by air districts exempt VOCs, not regulated by air districts less toxic than other organic solvents less toxic than other organic solvents  Manual cleaning  Automatic equipment  Combination manual/auto

3. Solvent Use Concerns  Largest hazardous waste stream – mixture of waste gun cleaning solvent and waste paint  Worker health and safety and environment Toxic – toluene, xylene Toxic – toluene, xylene Flammable Flammable Smog forming Volatile Organic Compounds Smog forming Volatile Organic Compounds  Recordkeeping requirements  Solvent cost Solvent loss from evaporation increases product cost Solvent loss from evaporation increases product cost

4. P2 Strategies  2-stage cleaning  Enclosed automatic equipment  Disposable cup liners  Alternative technology cleaning systems  Waterborne coatings water-based cleaners water-based cleaners

5. Solvent Comparison Cleaning Solvent Comparison Cleaning Solvent Comparison Solvent Type VOC Regulatory Restrictions Health Concerns Manage as Hazardous Waste Flammable Fire Dept Regulated Traditional Cleaning Solvents Organic Solvent and Lacquer Thinner yesyesyesyes EPA Exempt Solvents *If exemption has been adopted in specific air district *If exemption has been adopted in specific air district Acetonenoyesyesyes Acetone and methyl acetate blend noyes yesyes PCBTF* (Parachlorobenz otrifluoride nounknownyesyes TBAC* (Tertiary-Butyl acetate) noyesyesyes Pollution Prevention (P2) Alternatives Citrus based yesno filter waste yes Aqueous based yesno filter waste no

6. Two-stage cleaning  Empty paint pot thoroughly  First stage uses dirty solvent remove most of paint remove most of paint paint cup requires most cleaning paint cup requires most cleaning  Second stage uses clean solvent flush out spray gun flush out spray gun remove remaining paint remove remaining paint  Replace 1st stage solvent with 2 nd stage, when it stops cleaning effectively  Conserves solvent, saves money

7. Enclosed Automatic Cleaning  Solvent is forced through spray gun  Minimizes solvent loss during cleaning  Reduces worker exposure  Filtration system extends solvent life extends solvent life

8. Calibrated Paint Cup Liners  Eliminates most cleaning- paint cup  Disposable Stores left-over paint Stores left-over paint Clean in water based system for limited reuse Clean in water based system for limited reuse

9. Gravity feed spray guns Spray gun and disposable cup liner system

10. Alternative Paint Gun Cleaning Systems

11. Alternative Cleaning Systems  Water-based Used in automotive refinishing shops Used in automotive refinishing shops  Citrus-based (d-limonene) Used for military vehicle & equipment painting Used for military vehicle & equipment painting  Cleaning solution features low toxicity low toxicity low vapor pressure low vapor pressure contain regulated VOCs contain regulated VOCs  Paint solids are removed from cleaning solution by circulating solution through filters

12. Alternative Paint Gun Cleaner – Citrus Based Solution Filter

13. Solvent Recycler/Distillation Units

14. Why Recycle Solvent?  Protect the environment Primary source of hazardous waste Primary source of hazardous waste Major contributor to air and water pollution Major contributor to air and water pollution  Reduce time and money spent on managing hazardous waste  Achieve regulatory compliance  Reduce future liability (through on-site recycling)

15. Solvent Recycling Options  On-Site Recycling Recover spent solvent using shop owned equipment Recover spent solvent using shop owned equipment  Off-Site Recycling Recover spent solvent through use of an outside recycling facility Recover spent solvent through use of an outside recycling facility

16. How Solvent Recycling Works  Typical solvent recycling is accomplished by a distillation process that includes the following steps: Waste solution is poured into a charged still (distillation) vessel Waste solution is poured into a charged still (distillation) vessel A thermal oil jacket heats the waste solution until the solvent boils into vapor A thermal oil jacket heats the waste solution until the solvent boils into vapor The vapor passes through the condenser where it is collected and cooled back into a liquid solvent The vapor passes through the condenser where it is collected and cooled back into a liquid solvent The still bottoms, waste remaining at the bottom of the still, is disposed of as hazardous waste The still bottoms, waste remaining at the bottom of the still, is disposed of as hazardous waste

17. Simple Distillation Unit: Sidewinder (1) Load (2) Latch on lid (3) Push to start (4) Recycled Solvent

18. Still bottoms Distillation unit

19. On-Site Vs. Off-Site Recycling Consider the following when evaluating recycling options: Cost Cost Recycled product quality Recycled product quality Hazardous waste storage, handling, and disposal concerns Hazardous waste storage, handling, and disposal concerns Fire and electrical safety concerns Fire and electrical safety concerns Regulatory concerns Regulatory concerns End use concerns End use concerns

20. Off-Site Vs. On-Site Recycling: Cost  On-Site Solvent Distillation $2,500 to $6,000 capital cost, equipment $2,500 to $6,000 capital cost, equipment $3,400 per year, O&M and HW disposal $3,400 per year, O&M and HW disposal  Cost comparison calculator http://p2library.nfesc.navy.mil/P2_Opportunity_ Handbook/8_I_4.html http://p2library.nfesc.navy.mil/econs/8i4.xls

21. On-Site Vs. Off-Site Recycling: Recycled Product Quality  On-Site Solvent Distillation Mixture of cleaning solvent and paint reducers depends on input Mixture of cleaning solvent and paint reducers depends on input  Off-Site Solvent Recycling Service Recycled or virgin product, known composition Recycled or virgin product, known composition

22. Hazardous Waste Storage, Handling, and Disposal Concerns  On-Site Solvent Distillation Owner responsibility Owner responsibility Proper management of waste solvent, reclaimed solvent, and still bottomsProper management of waste solvent, reclaimed solvent, and still bottoms  Off-Site Solvent Recycling Service Owner responsibility Owner responsibility proper waste handling and storageproper waste handling and storage use a licensed hazardous waste transporteruse a licensed hazardous waste transporter ship to a facility permitted to treat the wasteship to a facility permitted to treat the waste

23. On-Site Vs. Off-Site Recycling: Fire and Electrical Safety Concerns On-Site Vs. Off-Site Recycling: Fire and Electrical Safety Concerns  On-Site Solvent Distillation Distillation unit heats flammable solvent creating potential hazard Distillation unit heats flammable solvent creating potential hazard  Off-Site Solvent Recycling Service Safe storage on-site until picked up Safe storage on-site until picked up

24. On-Site Vs. Off-Site Recycling: Regulatory Concerns  On-Site Solvent Distillation Reclaimed solvents may exceed air district limits on VOC content in gun cleaning solvents. Reclaimed solvents may exceed air district limits on VOC content in gun cleaning solvents. Some local CUPAs and Fire Departments may not allow the use of on-site recyclers. Some local CUPAs and Fire Departments may not allow the use of on-site recyclers.  Off-Site Solvent Recycling Service Off-site recyclers are responsible for all necessary permits and maintaining regulatory compliance at their facility Off-site recyclers are responsible for all necessary permits and maintaining regulatory compliance at their facility Generator responsibility: check transporter registration & facility permit Generator responsibility: check transporter registration & facility permit

25. On-Site Vs. Off-Site Recycling End Use Concerns  On-Site Solvent Distillation Use recycled product for spray gun cleaning. Use recycled product for spray gun cleaning. Recycled solvent that is not used on-site is subject to hazardous waste regulations. Recycled solvent that is not used on-site is subject to hazardous waste regulations.  Off-Site Solvent Recycling Service Some off-site facilities create fuel instead of cleaning solvent as an end product. Some off-site facilities create fuel instead of cleaning solvent as an end product. Look for a service that produces recycled cleaning solvent. Look for a service that produces recycled cleaning solvent.

26. On-Site vs. Off-Site Recycling Summary  On-Site Solvent Distillation Advantages: Advantages: cost effective, compared to off-site recycling costcost effective, compared to off-site recycling cost inventory and storage reductioninventory and storage reduction reduces long term liability from off-site treatment and disposalreduces long term liability from off-site treatment and disposal  Off-Site Solvent Recycling Service May be most cost effective option if: May be most cost effective option if: small waste stream, orsmall waste stream, or solvent waste is not routinely generatedsolvent waste is not routinely generated Advantage: using reclaimed rather than virgin solvents Advantage: using reclaimed rather than virgin solvents Disadvantages: Disadvantages: service and transportation costsservice and transportation costs off-site transportation, treatment and disposal liabilityoff-site transportation, treatment and disposal liability