1. Warm Up 4/2 We know that our bodies need water, but how is the water used? Make a list of what that your body uses water for.

2. Intro to Solutions

3. Solution – Homogenous mixture of 2 or more substances Solvent – Substance that does the dissolving (there is more of this one) Solute – Substance that is dissolved

4. What solutes could be dissolved into this solvent?

5. Can these two solids dissolve into each other?

6. What is the solvent and what are the solutes?

7. Can a liquid be dissolved in a gas?

9. How do you know if something will dissolve in something else?

10. Like Dissolves Like! Polar dissolves in polar Nonpolar dissolves in nonpolar Nonpolar does not dissolve in polar http://www.kentchemistry.com/links/bonding/ LikeDissolveslike.htm (polar means the molecule has a + & – end)

11. What Can Speed up the Solution Rate? 1. Agitation (stirring) – causes the molecules to collide more.

12. 2. Greater surface area (crushing or grinding) – more solute for the solvent to act on.

13. 3. Temperature – Kinetic energy (movement) causes molecules to collide more.

14. Sugar Lab 1.Fill all beakers with 200 mL of water 2.We will test all 3 factors alone (don’t do 2 factors at once) 3.Drop sugar in & time each factor 4.Don’t do anything to the “control” 5.Don’t let the water boil (100°C) 6.Write your observations and times

15. Water – Universal Solvent

16. You know that your body needs water to stay alive. It makes up most of your cells and blood, and can be found throughout your body. But what makes water so special? Why isn’t a different liquid compound used in its place? Quickly discuss this question with those near you.

17. Why Water? 1.High Heat Capacity – prevents sudden changes in body temp. 2.Reactivity – it is a reactant in many of the chemical reactions in our body (food digestion) 3.Solvent Properties – most reactions in the body don’t happen unless the reactions are dissolved in water.

18. When you’re ridin’ in a Chevy and you feel something heavy…

19. Electronegativity! O is more electronegative than H, so the O atom gets the shared electrons most of the time. + -

20. The water molecules pull the salt ions away. http://www.kentchemistry.com/links/bonding/ LikeDissolveslike.htm Called Dissociation.

21. Hydrogen Bonds The polar ends of the water molecules attract the opposite ends of other water molecules.

23. Hydrogen Bond Activity Question: How many drops of water do you think the surface of a penny can hold? Make a prediction on your paper. Procedure: Use a pipette to drop water onto a penny to find out. Try to use a level surface.

24. Left Side – On Your Own Create your own left side for this lesson that demonstrates that you understand the ideas we learned in your own creative way.