1. Brainstorm a list of what you value. ______________________________________________________________ ______________________________________________________________ ______________________________________________________________ ______________________________________________________________ ______________________________________________________________ ______________________________________________________________ ______________________________________________________________ ______________________________________________________________ ______________________________________________________________ ______________________________________________________________ ______________________________________________________________ ______________________________________________________________ ______________________________________________________________ ______________________________________________________________ ______________________________________________________________ ______________________________________________________________ ______________________________________________________________

2. The widely-shared beliefs, values, and norms that citizens share about their government.

3. 1.Equality 2.Justice 3.Tolerance 4.Self Reliance 5.Community 6.Freedom 7.Democracy 8.Stability 9.Security 10.Cooperation

4. Employment Freedom from unfair competition Housing, Medical care, Education, Social securitySocial security

5. Agree or disagree with the following statement. Healthcare is a right equivalent to free speech, religion... ______________________________________________________________ ______________________________________________________________ ______________________________________________________________ ______________________________________________________________ ______________________________________________________________ ______________________________________________________________ ______________________________________________________________ ______________________________________________________________ ______________________________________________________________ ______________________________________________________________ ______________________________________________________________ ______________________________________________________________ ______________________________________________________________ ______________________________________________________________ ____________________________________________________________

6. One party does not control executive and Legislative branches Effect Partisanship, Gridlock, Frustration

7. “I am not a crook” Vietnam Clinton/Lewinsky Watergate Divided Gov. Cost of Elections

8. What impact can a declining external political efficacy have on political behavior and why? ______________________________________________________________ ______________________________________________________________ ______________________________________________________________ ______________________________________________________________ ______________________________________________________________ ______________________________________________________________ ______________________________________________________________ ______________________________________________________________ ______________________________________________________________ ______________________________________________________________ ______________________________________________________________ ______________________________________________________________ ______________________________________________________________ ______________________________________________________________ ______________________________________________________________ ______________________________________________________________ ______________________________________________________________

9. Abundant and fertile land Property Rights Countless opportunities to acquire land/make living Lack of feudal society Independent spirit To adapt Gov. to time and place

10. Today, would De Tocqueville believe that our democracy is still on the right course? ______________________________________________________________ ______________________________________________________________ ______________________________________________________________ ______________________________________________________________ ______________________________________________________________ ______________________________________________________________ ______________________________________________________________ ______________________________________________________________ ______________________________________________________________ ______________________________________________________________ ______________________________________________________________ ______________________________________________________________ ______________________________________________________________ ______________________________________________________________ ______________________________________________________________ ______________________________________________________________ ______________________________________________________________

12. Process in which people acquire their political beliefs Strongest Fairly equal influence of mother and father When differ, associate with closest parent Impact of growing number of Independents Higher income  More conservative and supportive of Republicans Lower incomes-  More liberal and supportive of Democrats (ideology: conservative/liberal )

13. Conflicting results More education, more conservative College students more liberal than general population Most prestigious-  most liberal Whites: More conservative (more Republican) Blacks: More liberal (strongest support of Democratic Party) >90% Hispanics: Cubans v. Mexican Americans Asians:

14. Protestant: More conservative generally Evangelicals more on social issues and econ Catholic: Traditionally more liberal (Economic) than on social issues (Abortion issue) Jewish: Most liberal (Strong support for the Democratic Party)

15. 1900’s  conservative 1992 Year of the Woman Clinton and Soccer Moms Gender Gap: Sex sensitive issues, compare to pastGender Gap Security Moms NASCAR Dads Coastal Cities: environment Urban areas: immigrants, minorities Solid South Rust Belt Rural areas (religion?)

18. Registration (motor voter Bill) Long Ballot: Excessive number of issues to vote on Type of election: General, Primary, midterm, state, delegates Difficulty in obtaining absentee ballots Too many elections: Ballot fatigue Weekday, non-holiday voting (Voting is a linkage institution, interest groups,political parties & media)

19. Lack of political efficacy Dissatisfaction with candidates, parties, etc. Weakness of parties’ ability to mobilize voters Don’t like either, so why vote?

20. Level of Education: Level of edu. Highest predictor Income: High vs. Low Age: 18-24 lowest 45 and up highest Race: White vs. minorities Cross-cutting cleavages Religious Involvement

22. Less Gov. More Gov. Less Gov. More Gov.

29. Comparison with other countries Why?

30. Suffrage Qualifications State Legislatures eliminated these 15 th Amend 19 th Amend. 24 th Amend. Voting Rights Act 1965 26 th Amend.

31. Property restrictions (Andrew Jackson) Race: 15 th Amendment Women: 19 th Amendment Income: 24 th Amendment Literacy: Voting Rights Act of 1965 Minimum age of 18: 26 th Amendment Less voting power per person

32. In your opinion, what is the single most influential reason for not voting? ______________________________________________________________ ______________________________________________________________ ______________________________________________________________ ______________________________________________________________ ______________________________________________________________ ______________________________________________________________ ______________________________________________________________ ______________________________________________________________ ______________________________________________________________ ______________________________________________________________ ______________________________________________________________ ______________________________________________________________ ______________________________________________________________ ______________________________________________________________ ______________________________________________________________ ______________________________________________________________ ______________________________________________________________

33. IssueLiberal PositionConservative Position Health CareIt’s a right, government health plan It’s a privilege, private plan, national clearinghouse for insurance, H.S.A. Crime/PunishRehabilitation, no Capital Punishment Eye for an eye, Capital Punishment Business Reg.Regulation on businesses Free market solutions, deregulation Military Spending Decrease spending, smaller military Increase spending, larger military TaxesTax increase on wealthy, progressive tax Tax cuts, regressive tax, flat tax WelfareExpand welfare, medicare, medicaid, social security Faith based initiatives, privatize social security

34. 1.Elect Party Chair 2.Pick a name and symbol that represents what you stand for in your party. Explain how this represents you 3.Create a seniority list 4.Pick plank topics 5.Assign planks to party members 6.Write planks due in 30 minutes 7.Prepare your speech 8.Have symbol drawn and ready for the speech

35. Prepare Presentation a.Attention Getter Anecdote b.Thesis or Catch Phrase RENEWING AMERICA’S PROMISE c.Support Materials Treats, signs, music…

36. They must be persuasive to sway votes on legislation Pled guilty on January 3, 2006, to three criminal felony counts January 32006felony

37. Cannot be denied the right to vote due to your race, color or previous condition of servitude.

38. If you have the right to vote in state elections, you have the right to vote in federal elections. Direct Election of Representatives Direct Election of Senators 1913

39. Women cannot be denied the right to vote.

40. Outlawed the poll tax

41. Can vote if you are age 18 or older (1971)

42. Passed in 1964 Outlawed discrimination in job hiring, voting, and unfair registration requirements. Was not enforced, had no “teeth” Selma, Alabama: MLK Jr. led a registration drive that was met with resistance.

43. Gave “teeth” to 15 th Amendment and Civil Rights Act Applies to all elections Outlawed poll tax and suspended literacy test requirements, and gave federal officers oversight power.

44. The right to vote

45. Straight: Voting for one party on the entire ballot to stay within party lines. Split: Voting for each candidate individually, regardless of affiliation.

46. Identify one of the numbered regions with strong support for the Democratic presidential candidate and identify and explain one factor that contributes to that support. Identify one of the numbered regions with strong support for the Republican presidential candidate and identify and explain one factor that contributes to that support.

47. Elections in the United States are characterized by low voter turnout. Discuss two demographic characteristics associated with nonvoting Discuss two institutional obstacles associated with nonvoting.

48. IssueDemocratsRepublicans Social Spending Military Spending Budget Deficit Education ProAnti Pro Balanced BudgetTax Cuts Pro Spending Pro Public Schools Pro Teachers Unions Anti Spending Pro School Choice Pro Teacher Testing

49. Life Style Abortion Gay Rights Gun Control Environment Energy Unions Liberal FreedomTraditional Values Pro ChoicePro Life ProAnti ProAnti Pro EnvironmentPro Big Business Pro-Alternative Sources Pro Big Energy Companies ProAnti DemocraticRepublican

50. Traditionally Dem. Switched to Republican DemocratsRepublicans SouthernersUnion membersBusiness owners FarmersMinoritiesWhite Jewish, CatholicProtestant Urban DwellersSuburban Dwellers Rural Dwellers Economic Liberals Economic Conservatives Free Market

51. Third Party Created for a specific cause or issue Usually an offshoot of a major party

52. Third Party Election Results 1912Bull Moose/ Progressives 27.5 % –Teddy roosevelt 1924 Progressives16.6% –LaFollette 1968 American Independ.13.5% –Wallace 1992 Reform18.9% –Perot 2000 Green 2.7% –Nader 2004 Green 1.0%

54. open secrets

55. Money going directly to a candidate $2,000 or PAC $5,000 Promotes a Cause, not limited. Super PACs Campaign Reform Act: McCain/Feingold