1. American History

2.  California applies for statehood as a free state  Equal balance between slave states and free states is threatened  Southern slave state representatives fight to keep California out of the United States

3.  California admitted as a free state  In territories won from Mexico, voters will decide slavery issue for themselves  Sale of enslaved people outlawed in Washington D.C.  Fugitive Slave Act required all citizens to help return escaped slaves

4.  Compromise only temporary; issue of slavery in territories not really resolved  Neither southerners nor northerners were satisfied with the results  Compromise of 1850 fails

5.  1854-1855 – Proslavery and antislavery settlers move to Kansas  1856 – Battle over slavery in Kansas leads to open violence; territory becomes known as “bleeding Kansas”.  1856 – Buchanan becomes President, promises to keep government out of slavery issue

6.  Dred Scott is a runaway slave who is kept hidden by abolitionist. The owners of Dred Scott sue for his return.  The case goes to the Supreme Court  Supreme Court rules that enslaved people are property, and must be returned to rightful owner

7.  Abraham Lincoln and Stephen Douglas debate issue of slavery and its spread. Lincoln becomes known as someone who does not want slavery spread.  1859 – John Brown raids Harpers Ferry, deepening the distrust between North and South.

8. PORTRAIT OF JOHN BROWNPAINTED IMAGE OF JOHN BROWN

9.  In 1860, Lincoln is elected President. His stance on not expanding slavery causes the South to secede from the Union.  Virginia, North Carolina, South Carolina, Tennessee, Arkansas, Texas, Louisiana, Mississippi, Alabama, Florida, and Georgia form the Confederate States of America.