1. Automatic software deployment using user-level virtualization for cloud-computing Future Generation Computer System (2013) Youhui Zhang, Yanhua Li, Weimin Zheng

2. Outline Introduction The framework Performance test Conclusion

3. Outline Introduction The framework Performance test Conclusion

4. Introduction (1) Infrastructure cloud service providers deliver virtual hardware and system software in their datacenters, based on the demand from customers It is necessary to deploy application software in similar way

5. Virtual Appliances (VAs) It is a pre-built software VA-based method can reduce time and expenses

6. VA drawbacks Lack of flexibility Inefficiency of storage

7. Software B Virtual Appliance B Software A Virtual Appliance A Lack of flexibility Template Virtual Appliance A+B OS Virtual Appliance A+B

8. Software OS Software OS Software OS Software OS Software OS Software OS Software OS Software OS Software OS Inefficiency of storage

9. Introduction (2) This paper introduces mechanisms to isolate application software from OS Application software can be deployed in a fine granularity to increase the flexibility and decrease the storage overhead We call such application software as on-demand software

10. Outline Introduction The framework Performance test Conclusion

11. Function1 - Software preparation Cover software into the on-demand mode On-demand software is stored in the software depository for users’ selection

12. Preparation of on-demand software software can be regarded as containing three parts:  Part1 includes all resources provided by the OS  Part2 contains what are created/ modified/ deleted by the installation process  Part3 is the data created/modified/deleted during the run time

13. Preparation of on-demand software(cont’ d)

14. Snapshot is taken to build the on-demand software

15. Function2 - Software selection A customer can choose the wanted OS, as well as any number of software in separated stages

16. Function3 - On-demand deployment When the customer actually uses the chosen software, will it be streamed from the data server and run locally without installation.

17. The runtime environment of on-demand software Construct a runtime environment where software can locate and access any necessary resources Runtime environment redirects all accesses for Parts 2 and 3 to the actual storage positions and guides other visits (for Part 1) to the local OS

18. The runtime environment of on-demand software (cont’ d) The resource modified will be moved into Part 3

19. Function4 - Software customization The VA-based solution, it is difficult to implement this function efficiently

20. User-level file system On-demand software is stored in the central depository and presented as files/ folders on a virtual local drive in the customer’s VM

21. On-demand software VS Virtual appliance(VA)

22. System overview

23. Optimizations Content-addressable storage Data cache

24. Content-addressable storage On-demand software is partitioned into shards Compute the hash value of every shard, and the same values mean the corresponding shards are identical.

25. Data cache The replace strategy is based on the usage frequency

26. Outline Introduction The framework Performance test Conclusion and future work

27. Comparisons of start-up time.

28. Comparisons of running time

29. Outline Introduction The framework Performance test and analysis Conclusion

30. This paper provides a framework to decouple application software from VM images to improve the deployment flexibility for cloud computing Compared with VA-based solutions, it also improves the storage efficiency Users’ customization can been separated inherently and efficiently for reuse