1. THE SPANISH LABOUR MARKET IN THE TOURISM INDUSTRY, 2003 Teresa Guardia June 2004 teresa.guardia@iet.tourspain.es

2. THE SPANISH LABOUR MARKET IN THE TOURISM INDUSTRY THE SPANISH LABOUR MARKET IN THE TOURISM INDUSTRY Main goals of this approach Main methodological problems Sources used Wage earners and self-employed workers Unemployment rate Temporary employment rate Foreign population Job creation The seasonality of wage earner employment and tourist pressure

3. MAIN GOALS o DRAWING UP THE CORRESPONDING TABLE OF THE TSA o MONITORING THE LABOUR MARKET IN THE TOURISM INDUSTRY MAIN GOALS o DRAWING UP THE CORRESPONDING TABLE OF THE TSA o MONITORING THE LABOUR MARKET IN THE TOURISM INDUSTRY

4. MAIN METHODOLOGICAL PROBLEMS Tourism industry is not reflected as such in the NACE: MAIN METHODOLOGICAL PROBLEMS Tourism industry is not reflected as such in the NACE: Set of activities considered to be tourist are carried out by companies whose main activity is not tourism

5. MAIN METHODOLOGICAL PROBLEMS Underestimation of the number of workers: MAIN METHODOLOGICAL PROBLEMS Underestimation of the number of workers: Raw materials for the productions of the final goods and services are not included

6. MAIN METHODOLOGICAL PROBLEMS Overestimation of the number of workers: MAIN METHODOLOGICAL PROBLEMS Overestimation of the number of workers: Production of goods and services includes work carried out for residents who are not tourists

7. Labour Force Survey Characteristics Of the labour market Administrative Register Familitur Frontur Census Seasonality Tourism pressure SOURCES USED

8. CHARACTERISTICS OF THE LABOUR MARKET IN THE TOURISM INDUSTRY CHARACTERISTICS OF THE LABOUR MARKET IN THE TOURISM INDUSTRY WAGE EARNERS SELF-EMPLOYED EMPLOYED POPULATION 73% 27%

9. CHARACTERISTICS OF THE LABOUR MARKET IN THE TOURISM INDUSTRY CHARACTERISTICS OF THE LABOUR MARKET IN THE TOURISM INDUSTRY Source: Labour Force Survey, INE 2003 WAGE EARNERS PERCENTAGE BROKEN DOWN BY ACTIVITY SECTOR. 2003 NATIONAL 81,5%

10. CHARACTERISTICS OF THE LABOUR MARKET IN THE TOURISM INDUSTRY CHARACTERISTICS OF THE LABOUR MARKET IN THE TOURISM INDUSTRY -Representing 11% of total wage earners, in the national level - Accounting 17% of total wage earners, in the service sector - Male workers outnumber females, Workers are fairly young (62% are under 40 years old) -Half the total have secondary education WAGE EARNERS

11. CHARACTERISTICS OF THE LABOUR MARKET IN THE TOURISM INDUSTRY CHARACTERISTICS OF THE LABOUR MARKET IN THE TOURISM INDUSTRY Source: Labour Force Survey, INE 2003 PERMANENT TEMPORARY

12. CHARACTERISTICS OF THE LABOUR MARKET IN THE TOURISM INDUSTRY CHARACTERISTICS OF THE LABOUR MARKET IN THE TOURISM INDUSTRY EXPLANATION < 15 Thousand From 15 to 40 From 40 to 75 > 75 thousands Male Female Source: Labour Force Survey, INE 2003 WAGE-EARNERS IN THE TOURISM INDUSTRY, BROKEN DOWN BY AUTONOMOUS COMMUNITIES AND SEX. 2003

13. CHARACTERISTICS OF THE LABOUR MARKET IN THE TOURISM INDUSTRY CHARACTERISTICS OF THE LABOUR MARKET IN THE TOURISM INDUSTRY - Representing 18% of total self-employed at the national level - Accounting 18% of total self-employed at the service sector - Representing 27% of those employed in tourism - Male workers heavily outnumber females - Less young than wage earners -Half the total have secondary education SELF-EMPLOYED

14. CHARACTERISTICS OF THE LABOUR MARKET IN THE TOURISM INDUSTRY CHARACTERISTICS OF THE LABOUR MARKET IN THE TOURISM INDUSTRY SELF EMPLOYED Less than 3% From 3 to 6% From 6 to 9% Over 9% Source: Labour Force Survey, INE 2003 DISTRIBUTION OF SELF-EMPLOYED WORKERS IN THE TOURISM INDUSTRY AS A PERCENTAGE OF THE NATIONAL TOTAL, BROKEN DOWN BY AUTONOMOUS COMMUNITIES. 2003

15. CHARACTERISTICS OF THE LABOUR MARKET IN THE TOURISM INDUSTRY CHARACTERISTICS OF THE LABOUR MARKET IN THE TOURISM INDUSTRY UNEMPLOYMENT RATE ANNUAL CHANGE Grew in the female population (5%) Affected women in the 35 to 39 years (18%) Women with Postsecondary studies (15%)

16. CHARACTERISTICS OF THE LABOUR MARKET IN THE TOURISM INDUSTRY CHARACTERISTICS OF THE LABOUR MARKET IN THE TOURISM INDUSTRY UNEMPLOYMENT RATE Source: Labour Force Survey, INE 2003 NATIONAL 11,3%

17. CHARACTERISTICS OF THE LABOUR MARKET IN THE TOURISM INDUSTRY CHARACTERISTICS OF THE LABOUR MARKET IN THE TOURISM INDUSTRY Temporary employment rate in tourism industry -Counted for 32% of the total of contracts at the national level - By sex, although males count for 26%, is much lower than the women´s temporary employment rate (40%) - The highest temporary employment rate is found in Galicia (42%)

18. CHARACTERISTICS OF THE LABOUR MARKET IN THE TOURISM INDUSTRY CHARACTERISTICS OF THE LABOUR MARKET IN THE TOURISM INDUSTRY Temporary work in tourism industry Source: Labour Force Survey, INE 2003 TEMPORARY EMPLOYMENT RATE BROKEN DOWN BY ACTIVITY SECTOR. 2003 National 31%

19. CHARACTERISTICS OF THE LABOUR MARKET IN THE TOURISM INDUSTRY CHARACTERISTICS OF THE LABOUR MARKET IN THE TOURISM INDUSTRY Foreign population in Tourism industry -Only 5% of the total occupied population in Spain are foreigners - 51% of foreign wage earners are women - The foreign population is predominantly young 75% are less than 39 years - Most of foreigners are found in Madrid (23%)

20. FOREIGN POPULATION Source: Labour Force Survey, INE 2003 FOREIGN WORKING POPULATION BROKEN DOWN BY ECONOMIC SECTORS. 2003 National 3,7%

21. CHARACTERISTICS OF THE LABOUR MARKET IN THE TOURISM INDUSTRY CHARACTERISTICS OF THE LABOUR MARKET IN THE TOURISM INDUSTRY FOREIGNERS WAGE-EARNERS IN THE TOURISM INDUSTRY, BROKEN DOWN BY AUTONOMOUS COMMUNITIES. 2003 < 1 % From 1 to 4 % From 4 to 10% > 10 % < 3 % From 3 to 6 % From 6 to 10% > 10 % A A Source: Labour Force Survey, INE 2003

22. CHARACTERISTICS OF THE LABOUR MARKET IN THE TOURISM INDUSTRY CHARACTERISTICS OF THE LABOUR MARKET IN THE TOURISM INDUSTRY JOB CREATION IN THE TOURISM INDUSTRY Source: Labour Force Survey, INE 2003 NATIONAL 2,7%

23. CHARACTERISTICS OF THE LABOUR MARKET IN THE TOURISM INDUSTRY CHARACTERISTICS OF THE LABOUR MARKET IN THE TOURISM INDUSTRY JOB CREATION IN THE TOURISM INDUSTRY TEMPORARY PERMANENT Source: Labour Force Survey, INE 2003

24. GREAT VARIATION FROM REGION TO REGION SEASONALITY COEFICIENTS CANARIES & MADRID LOW DEGREE OF SEASONALITY BALEARICS HIGHEST DEGREE OF SEASONALITY

25. TOURISM PRESSURE ISLANDS TOURISM

26. TOURISM PRESSURE MEDITERRANEAN TOURISM

27. TOURISM PRESSURE INTERNAL TOURISM

28. CHARACTERISTICS OF THE LABOUR MARKET IN THE TOURISM INDUSTRY CHARACTERISTICS OF THE LABOUR MARKET IN THE TOURISM INDUSTRY EMPLOYMENT IN THE FUTURE UNEMPLOYED POPULATION SOCIAL SECURITY WORKERS ADMINISTRATIVE REGISTER SURVEY SPANISH SHORT-TERM LABOUR SURVEY QUARTERLY LABOUR COST SURVEY

29. THE SPANISH LABOUR MARKET IN THE TOURISM INDUSTRY, 2003 Teresa Guardia June 2004 teresa.guardia@iet.tourspain.es