1. ORCA-BEN Spiral 1 Status Yufeng Xin, Ilia Baldine Renaissance Computing Institute {yxin,ibaldin}@renci.org Jeff Chase Duke University chase@cs.duke.edu

2. Status Finished development of NDL java toolkit prototype Developed universal driver framework for network elements and completed driver implementation for 6509, DTN and Polatis) Finished the integration of BEN to ORCA including slivering of 6509, DTN, and Polatis Demonstrated creation of end-to-end VLAN path using BEN and NLR to GPO –Demonstrated a prototype of MIN multi-layer visual network management tool Cluster-D Clearinghouse is being stood up –http://geni.renci.org:8080/http://geni.renci.org:8080/ Rest of Spiral 1 time we will spend –In bug-fixes/stability enhancements –Improving documentation –Working with other Cluster D projects to help meet their goals

3. End-to-End Slice “Stitching” End-to-End Slice “Stitching” Scenario

4. BEN/ORCA Vertical View

5. BEN/ORCA Horizontal View

6. Our Networking Scenario Many “Internet” experiments assume single transport layer –Single graph of links and nodes –Focus on other complicated logics Transport network researchers need to specify more information inside the link and node: Multi-layered network –Embedding of higher level networks into lower level networks Defining proper layer adaptations Path computation becomes a hard problem

7. BEN, ITU G.805, and NDL BEN: Cross-layer transport network testbed –VLAN->GE Ethernet->10G Ethernet->Lambda->OCG- >Fiber –VLAN->Ethernet->DTN bandwidth pool (bandwidth virtualization) –Switching: Fiber, OCG, Lambda, Sub-Lambda, Ethernet –Possible multiple end-to-end paths cross different layers –So complex that an abstract model is desired ITU G.805: Network elements Functional elements Ontology –Topology Connectivity and switching capability –Cross-layer adaptation, aggregation, and capacity –It’s complex and abstract, suitable for ontology NDL is a set of ontology based on G.805 –Resource description with focuses on connectivity and cross-layer adaptation description –RDFS/XML –Logic constraints and cross-layer path computation –Modular design

8. Related ITU standards General architecture/models –G.805: Generic functional architecture of transport networks –G.809: Functional architecture of connectionless layer networks Technology specific descriptions of architectures –G.803: SDH –G.872: Optical transport –G.8010: Ethernet –G.8110: MPLS

9. How we use/extend NDL in ORCA NDL-OWL extends NDL in OWL: Richer semantics and inference capability Unified semantic for substrate description, request description, and slice configuration Dynamic path computation based on RDF query –End-to-end cross-layer path availability –Virtual topology mapping –Mapping to the switching and configuration actions in each device along the path –Available resource and used resource Existing toolkits: –Protégé: build and maintain Ontology and RDF –Jena API library: Jena: Ontology model (resource, property) creation, modification, and validation ARQ: SPARQL query langauage –Gleen: subGraph query API

10. Request Description https://geni-orca.renci.org/owl/request-6509.rdf 2009-07-07T:13:00:00:00Z 2009-07-07T:20:00:00:00Z

11. Substrate Description -

12. RDF Query Connection List query String selectStr = "SELECT ?resource ?object "; String fromStr="”; String whereStr = "WHERE {" + "?resource "+"ndl:connectedTo "+"?object”+ " }"; SubGrapgh query: String s ="SELECT ?a ?b ?c "; String ffromStr = ""; String whereStr = "WHERE {" + "( '[ndl:hasInterface]+/([ndl:hasInputInterface]|[ndl:hasOutputInterface])*/([ndl:linkTo]|[ndl:connectedTo])+/[ndl:in terfaceOf]+' ) gleen:Subgraph (?a ?b ?c)”+ " }"; A complicated one: String selectStr = "SELECT ?intf ?intf_peer ?c ”; String fromStr="”; String whereStr= "WHERE {" + "?p a layer:AdaptationProperty. ”+ " " + " ndl:hasInterface ?intf. ”+ "?intf ndl:connectedTo ?intf_peer." + "?intf ?p ?a.”+ "?intf_peer ndl:inConnection true."+ "?intf_peer ?l ?r."+ "?r rdf:type layer:Layer."+ "?intf_peer ndl:interfaceOf ?b.”+ "?b ndl:hasSwitchMatrix ?sw. "+ "?sw layer:switchingCapability ?c"+ " }";

13. Why RDF/OWL (Or Why not XML) RDF advantage: –Ontology: well-defined meaning for every element. This is both an advantage to the schema author, as well as for users. –Language aiming in meaning and inference, rather that validation –Support for information integration and reuse of shared vocabularies –Separation of syntax from data modelling –Web embedding –Extensibility: A user can mix two ontologies in his application, even when neither ontology author was aware of the other schema. –Support for inference and classification, based on a formal semantics –Toolset: Because RDF is meant as a generic way of describing information, there are several tools which can automatically “make sense” of your data. –Inference and query capability means much less lines of your codes RDF Limitation: –Verbosity and performance –Inability to natively represent uncertain data and continuous domains –No built-in representation of processes and change It’s for the computer to read, not a human, and there are tools

14. Future NDL-OWL Work Unified spectrum-based resource representation, allocation, control and management Path computation based on rules and constraint logic programming and optimization Problems: –Introducing time for resource scheduling –Precise resource accounting in the ontology Further ontology extensions (xDL) –CDL: Cloud computing: Ontology for software and virtual machine –MDL: Substrate measurement capabilities –WDL: Wireless –All extending common vocabularies to introduce new relationships

15. Combining RDF/OWL with XML XML data as RDF resource: if the data can be identified by a URI (for example via a document URL or an XPointer URI reference) XML fragment the object of a RDF statement: XML sub-tree as rdf:XMLLiteral Limitations: –XML complextype is not a class –Lack of automation tools for the mixture