1. Practice these equations in FULL – you choose the level of difficulty;
Thermal decomposition of magnesium carbonate
Calcium added to hydrochloric acid
Zinc metal added to sulphuric acid
Calcium oxide is added to water to form a single compound
Thermal decomposition of calcium carbonate
Zinc metal added to hydrochloric acid
Calcium is added to water
Magnesium metal is burnt
Hydrogen gas is added to chlorine gas
Calcium is added to oxygen gas
Magnesium metal is added to hydrochloric acid

2. MgCO3 (s) (in heat forms) MgO (s) + CO2 (g)
Ca (s) + 2HCl (l) (forms) CaCl2 (s) + H2 (g)
Zn (s) + H2SO4 (l) (forms) ZnSO4 (l) + H2 (g)
CaO (s) + H20 (l) (forms) Ca(OH)2 (l)
CaCO3 (s) (in heat forms) CaO (s) + CO2 (g)
Zn (s) + 2HCl (l) (forms) ZnCl2 (l) + H2 (g)
Ca (s) + H20 (l) (forms) CaO (s) + H2 (g)
2Mg (s) + O2 (g) (forms) 2MgO (s)
H2 (g) + Cl2 (g) (forms) 2HCl (l)
2Ca (s) + O2 (g) (forms) 2CaO (s)
Mg (s) + 2HCl (l) (forms) MgCl2 (l) + H2 (g)

3. Quicklime and Slaked Lime
Key words; lime water, mortar, slaked lime

4. By the end of the lesson I can:
Learning Objectives:
By the end of the lesson I can:
• Describe what slaked lime is and how it is produced.
Quicklime (calcium oxide) reacts with water to produce slaked lime (calcium hydroxide).
•Explain the processes involved to make lime mortar.
Mortar can be made by mixing slaked lime (calcium hydroxide) with sand and water.
• Limestone and its products have many uses, including slaked lime, mortar, cement and glass.
• Atoms and symbols are used to represent and explain what is happening to the substances in chemical reactions.

5. starter What’s wrong with this sentence?
Limestone is a metamorphic rock and is made of the pure element, calcium carbonate.
Limestone is a sedimentary rock
It is mainly made up of calcium carbonate
Calcium carbonate is a compound
It is actually a mixture of substances

6. What is the chemical & common names for each substance?
Chemical: Calcium Carbonate
Common: Limestone/Chalk/Marble
CaCO3
CaO
Ca(OH)2
CO2
Chemical: Calcium Oxide
Common: Quicklime
Chemical: Calcium Hydroxide
Common: Slaked Lime (or Limewater when in solution)
Chemical: Carbon dioxide
Common: Carbon dioxide

7. Limestone Cycle:

8. Limestone Cycle:
When limestone (calcium carbonate) is heated strongly, it decomposes to give solid quicklime (calcium oxide) and carbon dioxide gas. When a small amount of water is added to quicklime it gives slaked lime (calcium hydroxide). If a lot of water is added to the slaked lime a solution of lime water or calcium hydroxide is formed. If carbon dioxide is bubbled through lime water, limestone is formed again, along with water.

9. Limestone Cycle:
Carbon Dioxide
Lime water
Quicklime
Water
Slaked lime

10. The Limestone Cycle Aim: To investigate the limestone cycle Equipment:
Gauze, Tripod, bunsen burner & heat proof mat
Tongs, glass rod, pipette, straw
2xboiling tubes, test tube rack
Filter funnel & filter paper
Calcium carbonate, water
Method:
Place a piece of CaCO3 on the gauze mat & strongly heat the edge until it has been white/orange hot for a few minutes. What type of reaction have you just completed? BE SAFE: CaO holds it heat for a long time & are basic –harmful
Using tongs, transfer the CaO to a boiling tube, add afew drops of water & observe. What happened?
Fill the boiling tube till its 1/3 full and shake gently. BE SAFE: When water is added to CaO it will spit – so be sure to be wearing goggles!
Filter the mixture and keep the filtrate. What is the name of the filtrate?
Submerge a straw into the filtrate & gently blow. If the solution turns cloudy then the cycle has been completed successfully. Well Done!
Add observations, word & symbol equations to your limestone cycle diagram
The Limestone Cycle

11. Ca(OH)2 (s) + H2O (l)  Ca(OH)2 (aq)
Common Name: QUICKLIME Chemical Name: CALCIUM OXIDE
Molecular formula: CaO
Calcium carbonate  calcium oxide (s) + carbon dioxide (g)
CaCO3(s)  CaO (s) CO2 (g)
Common Name: SLAKED LIME Chemical Name: CALCIUM HYDROXIDE
Molecular formula: Ca(OH)2
Calcium oxide (s) + water (l)  calcium hydroxide (s)
CaO (s) H2O (l)  Ca(OH)2 (s)
Common Name: LIMEWATER Molecular formula: Ca(OH)2 (aq)
Chemical Name: CALCIUM HYDROXIDE IN SOLUTION
Calcium hydroxide (s) + water (l)  calcium hydroxide (s)
Ca(OH)2 (s) H2O (l)  Ca(OH)2 (aq)
Common Name: LIMESTONE Chemical Name: CALCIUM CARBONATE
Molecular formula: CaCO3
Calcium hydroxide (aq) + carbon dioxide (g)  calcium carbonate (s) + water (l)
Ca(OH)2 (aq) CO2 (g)  CaCO3 (s) H2O (l)

12. By the end of the lesson I can:
Learning Objectives:
By the end of the lesson I can:
• Describe what slaked lime is and how it is produced.
Quicklime (calcium oxide) reacts with water to produce slaked lime (calcium hydroxide).
•Explain the processes involved to make lime mortar.
Mortar can be made by mixing slaked lime (calcium hydroxide) with sand and water.
• Limestone and its products have many uses, including slaked lime, mortar, cement and glass.
• Atoms and symbols are used to represent and explain what is happening to the substances in chemical reactions.