1. Respiration External ( 外呼吸 ) Internal ( Cellular ) Aerobic Anaerobic ( 內呼吸 ) ( 需氧 ) ( 缺氧 ) 呼吸作用

2. Food + oxygen carbon dioxide + water + energy (Heat + light ) Burning

3. Food + oxygen carbon dioxide + water + energy ( Heat + light ) Burning

4. Chemical energy in foods Energy. muscle contraction. active transport. transmission of nerve impulses. peristalsis ( movement of gut ). keeping the body warm ( heat energy )

6. ( ATP )

7. Glucose 葡萄糖 H 2 O + CO 2 Energy Level 能量值 Burning 燃燒 Cellular respiration 細胞呼吸 Time

8. ADP + Pi ATP Energy released from food during respiration Various body activities

9. Energy yielding processes e.g. Cellular respiration Energy consuming processes e.g. Muscle contraction Some chemical reactions “ Energy currency” ATP ATP = Adenosine Triphosphate A P P P

10. ATP ----------------> ADP + Pi + Energy ( ATP + heat )

11. A P P P ATP A P P P energy Energy input ADP

12. Earn money Spend money Money = ATP. Short term energy store 暫時性的能量儲藏. diffuse inside a cell 可在能胞內擴散

13. Anaerobic respiration Aerobic respiration 中間物 細胞質 粒線體

15. Food + oxygen --------------> carbon dioxide + water + energy enzymes ( heat and ATP )

17. (a) P = nuclues 細胞核 Q = mitochondria 粒線體 (b) Cell B, it contains more mitochondria resulting in higher respiratory rate. More energy is available for its metabolic activities 細胞 B, 因它含有較多粒線體, 細胞 B 的呼吸作 用的速率較快, 釋出更大量能量供應細胞進行 活動

19. Food --------------> carbon dioxide + ethanol + energy enzymes 乙醇 ( heat and ATP) For baking / bread making 製蛋糕 / 麵包 For wine making / making beer 釀酒 Anaerobic respiration / fermentation of yeast

21. Aerobic respiration ( 需氧呼吸 ) glucose + oxygen carbon dioxide + water + energy 葡萄糖 氧 二氧化碳 水 能量 Anaerobic respiration - muscle cell ( 缺氧呼吸 - 肌肉 ) glucose lactic acid + energy 葡萄糖 乳酸 能量 Anaerobic respiration - yeast ( 缺氧呼吸 - 酵母 ) glucose ethanol + carbon dioxide + energy 葡萄糖 乙醇 二氧化碳 能量

27. Thermoflasks are inverted --- trapped the warm air inside the flasks

28. CO 2 warmth

30. Absorb CO 2 Show that CO 2 is absent in the incoming air Show that CO 2 is present in the incoming air

31. CO 2 O 2 O2O2 O2O2 CO 2 absorbed Lime water turn milky

33. O2O2 CO 2

36. Resp. Heat air AIR Air pressure

40. Aerobic Respiration Take in O 2 Give out CO 2 CO 2 Absorbed by soda lime Total volume of air inside the tube will decrease Air pressure inside the tube will decrease Test tube A

41. The coloured liquid will be sucked / move towards the test tube

44. Heat Alcohol smell CO 2

46. Aerobic respiration ( 需氧呼吸 ) ________ + ______ _________ + ______ + ______ ( ) ( ) ( ) ( ) ( ) Anaerobic respiration - muscle cell ( 缺氧呼吸 - 肌肉 ) _________ _________+ __________ ( ) ( ) ( ) Anaerobic respiration - yeast ( 缺氧呼吸 - 酵母 ) __________ ________ + _________ + _______ ( ) ( ) ( ) ( )

47. What is the aim 目的 of this experiment ? There is a mistake 錯處 in the set up 裝置. What is it ? What solutions should be put in flasks A, B and C ? What is the function 功能 of these solutions ?

52. What is the aim of this experiment ? There is a mistake in the set up. What is it ? What solutions should be put in flasks A, B and C ? What is the function of these solutions ?

53. 1. To prove that the grasshopper release CO2 during respiration 証明草蜢進行呼吸作用時釋出二氧化碳 2. The glass tubes that lead the incoming air into the flasks should be dipped into the liquids 將氣體引進玻璃瓶的管出口應該浸在液體中

54. 1. A - NaOH - absorb / remove CO 2 氫氧化鈉 - 吸收二氧化碳 B - lime water - show that the incoming air does not contain CO 2 石灰水 - 顯示流進的氣體沒有二氧化碳 C - lime water - to show that whether the incoming air contain CO 2 石灰水 - 証明流進的氣體是否二氧化碳

55. Calculate the rate of respiration of the germinating seeds. 計算發芽中的種子的呼吸速率 cm 3