1. HOMEWORK Due Friday, September 22
Complete the chart entitled “New Inventions of the Market Revolution” and define the four terms at the bottom.

2. STARTER Friday, September 22
Get out your homework!
STARTER Friday, September 22
Read “Historical Spotlight: Slave Revolts” & “World Stage: Slavery in the Americas” on pages
Answer the questions below:
What probably happened to slaves involved in revolts once they were caught?
Why were these slaves willing to sacrifice their lives?
Jamaica was the site of many violent slave rebellions and free black insurrections. Why do you think there were more slave/free black revolts in Jamaica than in America?

3. Starter Monday September 15
Find your stickman transparency
Get in groups and review so you can present
If you already presented you will need to review so be ready
Make sure your chart is accurate!

4. Reforming American Society
Reform Movements of the s
2.2 Describe how the growth of nationalism and sectionalism were reflected in art, literature, and language.
2.5 Identify the major reform movements and evaluate their effectiveness.
2.6 Evaluate the role of religion in the debate over slavery and other social movements and issues.

5. American Cultural Pride
A clear “American” culture was emerging in the 1830s

6. Hudson River School The Hudson River School was an art school
The artists created paintings which celebrated the American landscape
The paintings revealed the truth in human emotion
American art and literature was developing and becoming recognized

7. Asher Durand
Kindred Spirits, 1849 The New York Public Library, New York City
Buffalo Bull's Back Fat, head chief, Blood Tribe in the National Museum of American Art, Washington D.C.
By George Catlin

8. A Lake in the Sierra Nevada by Albert Bierstadt

9. Frederic Church
Niagara 1857 Oil on canvas 42 1/2 x 90 1/2 in. (108 x cm) The Corcoran Gallery of Art, Washington

10. Transcendentalism Transcendentalism is a form of American literature
Emphasized:
Simple living
Celebrating nature
Optimism
Freedom
Self-reliance

11. Ralph Waldo Emerson Emerson was a transcendentalist New England writer
Wrote about simple living, nature, and personal emotion and imagination

12. Henry David Thoreau
Lived in solitude at Walden Pond in Massachusetts, writing the book Walden
Urged the concept of civil disobedience, protesting by refusing to obey the law
(IMPORTANT: Ghandi & Martin Luther King adopt this view in their protests in the 21st century)

13. Ideal Communities Created
The optimism of the transcendentalist movement led to the development of ideal communities
Two include:
Utopian Communities
Shaker Communities

14. Utopian Communities
Groups tried to form Utopian Communities, or perfect places to live- “utopias”
They lived together with common goals such as self-sufficiency
Best known communities included New Harmony and Brook Farm
Most of these communities failed

15. Shaker Communities Shakers were a religious community of New England
They believed that men & women were equal, no fighting for any reason, and they shared their goods with each other
They are well known for the style of furniture they created
Shakers vowed to never marry, therefore they could not keep their community alive

16. Reform
To improve or change what is wrong, corrupt, unsatisfactory

17. Reforming Prisons & Asylums
The movement to reform prisons and asylums was led by Dorothea Dix
She helped set up mental hospitals, emphasizing rehabilitation and treatment rather than punishment

18. Reforming Education
The movement to reform education was led by Horace Mann
He helped pass compulsory school laws (laws requiring school attendance), helped raise taxes for schools & teacher training programs.

19. Second Great Awakening
A religious movement that swept the country
Appealed to common people
Promoted the ideas of individualism and responsibility
Revivals were started (open to blacks and whites)
LEADER: Charles Finney (preacher)

20. Religion & the Slavery Debate
African Americans interpreted Christian messages as a promise of freedom for their people
The Second Great Awakening brought people of all races together to worship together
The North voiced it’s religious opposition to slavery, especially as it became more industrial

21. Religion & the Slavery Debate
Proslavery advocates used the Bible to defend slavery (citing passages about obedience)
The abolition movement (movement to outlaw slavery) was fueled by religious leaders such as Charles Finney
Nat Turner, a Virginian slave and preacher, interpreted an eclipse as a divine sign and lead a slave rebellion

22. William Lloyd Garrison
A white abolitionist and editor of the abolition newspaper, The Liberator.
He called for the immediate emancipation of slaves (freeing without payment to slaveholders)

23. The Liberator, an abolition newspaper by William Lloyd Garrison

24. Fredrick Douglass
Born into slavery, but was taught by his master’s wife to read and write
Escaped slavery
Became a famous abolition speaker
Started a newspaper called The North Star

25. Defending Slavery
Some used the Bible to defend slavery citing passages that encourage servants to obey their masters
They believed that slavery benefited blacks by making them part of a prosperous, Christian civilization

26. Women’s Rights Movement
The Women’s Rights Movement of the 1830s was led by two female abolitions, Elizabeth Cady Stanton & Lucretia Mott
They were inspired by the abolition movement to make changes for women

27. Lucretia Mott
Elizabeth Cady Stanton

28. Women’s Rights
Reformers wanted more educational opportunities and healthcare
In 1848, a women’s rights convention was held called the Seneca Falls Convention.
There, the women issued a Declaration of Sentiments, outlining the rights that women were entitled to.

29. Sojourner Truth
An abolitionist who spoke out for women’s rights

30. Temperance Movement
The temperance movement was the movement to prohibit the drinking of alcohol
This was a movement led mostly by women and churches

31. Labor Reform Workers began to demand higher wages & shorter workdays
Trade unions were established, groups of workers within the same trade that organized strikes

32. Classwork REFORM BUMPER STICKER
On the slip of paper, create a bumper sticker about one of the reform movements discussed.
The bumper sticker should include the following:
A slogan that relates to the reform movement
A picture that relates to the reform movement
Color!
USE YOUR BOOK & NOTES!

33. Before you leave Turn in your bumper sticker
Turn in your starter notebook
Begin correcting your missed test items (due TUESDAY)