1. Low-Cost Asset Management Eric Green, GISP, PE

2. Agenda  Free GIS tools  Geo-tagging for asset management  Linking collected data to assets  Low Cost Sign Management

3. Free GIS Tools

4.  MapWindow  DotSpatial  Google Maps  usRAP

5. MapWindow  Four versions  MapWindow 4.x  MapWindow 6 (work in progress)  MapWINGIS  DotSpatial  Free!  Open source  Huge, academic community

6. MapWindow 4.x Application  GIS User  Free map viewer  Editor  Map making tools  ArcGIS-lite  Extend functionality via plugins  Kriging, photo viewer, water quality, streamflow  Safety Software Suite (crash and signs)  AutoCAD exporter  http://www.mapwindow.org http://www.mapwindow.org

8. MapWindow Toolbox  Buffer shapes  Vector overlays, including intersection and union  Various clipping operations, including clip using shapefile or polygon mask  Dissolve shapes by attribute  Calculate polygon areas  Various projection functions  Several raster operations, including clip by polygon, merge grids, and reclassify

9. MapWindow 6

10. MapWINGIS  MapWinGIS.ocx is a FREE and OPEN SOURCE C++ based geographic information system programming ActiveX Control and application programmer interface (API)  Add to a Windows Form in Visual Basic, C#, Delphi, or other languages that support ActiveX  Give your application a powerful GIS map  Used to make MapWindow 4.x  http://mapwingis.codeplex.com/

11. Example MapWINGIS Apps

12. MapClick  Police used to collect crash data using paper reports and handheld GPS receivers  KTC created a free, offline map system allowing officers to click a point on the map and return the lat/long and LRS (county., route and milepoint)  MapClick

14. SignProx  MapWINGIS is usable even for commercially available products  Useful built-in features:  Geo-tagging  Geo-coding  Symbology  Thumbnails  GPS integration  Shapefiles/aerials  Search  Pan, Zoom  …

15. GoogleMaps API BuildUp  Using a free.Net wrapper for Google’s java API for Google Maps  Gmap for ASPX pages  http://googlemaps.subgurim.net  http://buildup.ukytc.com/ http://buildup.ukytc.com/  buildup  crashrate@1

18. Google maps

20. usRAP

22. Geo-tagging for Asset Management

23. Google Street View Coverage

24. Our Task Street View Coverage No Street View Coverage Find a way to display images of roadways on a computer screen where Google Street View does not have coverage.

25. Rich Man’s Photo Log

26. 100-Meter Points

27. In the Field  Nikon CoolPix p510 – GPS Enabled Digital Camera (~$300)

28. In the Field

30. Adding Pictures to Map  Geo-tagged photos linked to point shapefile  ID and Picture file name in one table Geo-tag Processing…

31. Joining Pictures to 100m Points  ESRI ArcGIS - Spatial Join  Each 100m point along the roadway was joined with the nearest picture  Each 100m point was given the picture ID nearest to it

32. GPS Accuracy Issues

33. GPS Location Updating Error

34. Dot Density

35. GPS Location Updating Error  Identified 100-meter dots joined to the same picture ID  Started from last 100-meter point with an accurately located matching picture  Determined 100-meter point where GPS location started updating again  Interpolated the number of pictures needed between these two

36. A B C D E 1 17

37. A B C D E 1 5 9 13

38. usRAP

40. Quality Control  An Excel formula was used to open Google Street View or the nearest local picture as appropriate for each rated section (100- meter point)  This helped us quality control the rated data

41. Linking Data to Assets Eric

42. Devices Available in the US Model GR3 by Delta http://www.tapconet.com/digital Model 922 by Road Vista http://www.roadvista.com

43. Where to get a retro gun?  Purchase through distributors  Delta – Tapco  RoadVista – Professional Pavement Products  Rent through distributors  Loan programs (LTAP or DOTs)  Share procurement with nearby agencies

44. Linking Delta to an Inventory - Delta  Low-tech collection process  Take geotagged photos of signs assemblies  Take retroreflectivity readings at a specified time interval  Requires a two-man crew  take photos  retroreflectivity readings  Time keepers need to be in synch  Create inventory from geotagged photos  Link retroreflectivity data to inventory

45. Specific Collection Process  Take a photo  Instruct retro gun operator to take a reading immediately  Take first set of four readings within seconds of the photo being taken  Take each reading within seconds of each other  Wait 10 seconds before reading the second color (if it exists)  Collect background first then legend  Wait at least 30 seconds before doing the next sign  Collect signs starting at top left and work down first then right  Wait at least 5 minutes before moving to the next assembly (make sure the photo taker does too)

46. Collection Grid  The following grid shows the order of readings 17131925 28142026 39152127 410162228 511172329 612182430

47. Merging Data  Use excel or ArcGIS to merge the photos with retroreflectivity readings  Identify 30 second gaps in timestamps to determine if readings are for a new sign  Identify 5 minutes gaps in timestamps to determine when a new assembly was collected  This technique was used for a small city in Kentucky for a GIS course project at UK

48. Linking Delta to an Inventory - RoadVista  High- or Low-tech collection process  Recommended  RoadVista gun with bar code reader  Bar code stickers  Sign Inventory software  Smart phone with GPS and camera or GPS-enabled camera  USB or Bluetooth GPS receiver  Dry erase marker

49. High-Tech  Select a new, unused barcode ID  Stick barcode sticker to back of the sign  Scan barcode sticker using RoadVista scanner  Take as many retro readings for the first color  If there is a second color change the RoadVista to legend  Inventory sign in the field using a laptop and a GPS receiver  Prepare inventory to receive a Bluetooth transmission  BarCode ID, background and legend retro readings will be transferred along with any standard and user comments

50. Low-Tech  Scan barcode  Take retroreflectivity readings as described above  Add any user or standard comments  Take a photo with a GPS enabled camera (iPhone, Android, Trimble GeoXT, etc.)  Be sure to include the bar code ID such that it is readable  Import the geotagged photos into sign inventory system  Use the picture to code the sign type and barcode ID  Import the RoadVista data into sign inventory system  All data with matching barcode IDs will be merged

51. BarCode IDs in Pictures

52. Low Cost Sign Management Eric

53. Accepted Changes http://mutcd.fhwa.dot.gov/knowledge/09mutcdproposedrev/compliance_dates/

54. Assessment and Management Methods  Visual Inspection Method  Comparison Panel Procedure  Calibrated Sign Procedure  Consistent Parameter Procedure  Measure Sign Retroreflectivity  Expected Sign Life  Blanket Replacement  Control Signs

55. Overview of Kentucky’s Sign Management Program  Create an inventory of those signs that are already installed  Collect inventory data on new signs as they are being installed through routine maintenance, new installation on existing routes, and installation on newly constructed routes  Determine intermediate retroreflectivity management methods that may be needed temporarily in order to meet the FHWA deadlines  Determine ultimate retroreflectivity management method that will be used once the program is fully developed

56. Had not been updated Various data formats Non-existent in some Districts No Statewide mandate to track sign Location No Central Office repository for data Outdated Linear Reference System Sign Location Documents

57. Georeferenced Asset Location Sign Inventory Photo Log VanSignProx  2 Options for Data Collection :

58. KYTC Asset Collection Vehicle Right of Way Cameras 3 cameras; One facing forward, right and left Global Positioning System Includes Differential and Inertial Measurement Systems Sub-meter accuracy at highway speeds Inertial Measurement System retains correct position during GPS Dropouts Distance Measure Instrument Roughness Measurement Dynatest Mark IV RSP Rutting Measurement INO Laser Rut Measurement System 1280 Transverse points KYTC Photo Log http://maps.kytc.ky.gov/photolog/ KYTC Photo Log

60. Panoramic View

61. Photo Log Collection: Very accurate GPS Other data being collected when route driven Safer Urban collection Link to Object photo saved in database No travel time to collect objects from available data KYTC Photo Log Advantages

62. Equipment required: Laptop GPS device Vehicle Collection method: Locate Asset by clicking map location Locate Asset by GPS Tracking SignProx

63.  Faster collection  Less costly collection  Less tedious collection method  Collect areas not driven by Photo Log vehicle  Less likely to miss signs

64. Available Sign Management Methods  Nighttime Visual Inspection Low administrative and fiscal burden Low level sign waste Human error Exposure of conducting inspections  Measured Retroreflectivity Removes subjectivity Time consuming Expensive  Blanket Replacement Low administrative High sign waste High dedicated budget

65. Sign Total Estimate Total Replacement Cost ($70 per sign) Seven Year Blanket Replacement Cycle Costs 566,000$39,620,000$5,660,000* Sign Total Estimate Measured Retroreflectivity Hours (10 signs per hour) Estimated Cost ($40 per hour) Number of Signs Requiring Replacement (6% of total) Cost of Replacing Signs ($70 per sign) Total Estimate for MR (signs and inspection) 566,00056600$2,264,00033960$2,377,200$4,641,200* Sign Total Estimate NTVI Hours (40 signs per hour) Estimated Cost ($40 per hour) Number of Signs Requiring Replacement (6% of total) Cost of Replacing Signs ($70 per sign) Total Estimate for NTVI (signs and inspection) 566,00014150$566,00033960$2,377,200$2,943,200* Estimated Costs of Methods

66. Replace all failing or damaged signs Bar code all new sign installations Tie bar code to a matching control panel (installed in the same season) Replace in-field signs as control panels begin to fail Use bar codes and GIS to create replacement reports Ultimate Method

67. Contact Eric Green, PE, GISP Research Engineer Traffic and Safety Program 859-257-2680 eric.green@uky.edu