1. AUXILIARY VERBS & MODALS Main uses

2. In short answers: Do you believe in psychics? ◦ Yes, I do Are you a self-confident person? ◦ Yes I am

3. To avoid repeating the main verb: I hate this kind of exams and so does my friend Ann.

4. With “so” and “neither” With a verb in positive : ◦ So+ aux+ subj  Peter loves this novel and so do I With a verb in negative : ◦ Neither + aux+ subj  You didn’t know Alex was coming today and neither did I.

5. With “echo questions” They are used to show interest: ◦ Aux ( = as in main sentence)+ subj?  This is a really interesting guy.  Is he?  I really want to go on a date with him…  Do you?

6. To add emphasis: DO/DID + main verb I know you deny it, but I know you DID cheat in the exam.

7. To make question tags: Positive statement, neg aux + subj? ◦ He’s from Ireland, isn’t he? Negative statement, positive aux + subj? ◦ You haven’t been to China before, have you?

8. AND NOW, IT’S TIME TO GET SOME PRACTICE!!!!

9. So/Neither I’m going to London next weekend and … (John too) ◦ So is John I’ve just passed my driving test and … (Ann too) ◦ So has Ann I haven’t seen Peter for ages and ( Lui neither) ◦ Neither has Lui I didn’t do my homework for Monica and … (the rest of the class neither) ◦ Neither did the rest of the class

10. Echo questions I ‘m looking forward to being sent abroad by my company. ◦ Are you?! I know I left the keys on the table, but I can’t find them now! ◦ Can’t you?! He speaks very good German… ◦ Does he?! He broke out of prison yesterday… ◦ Did he?! If I won 1.000.000 €, I wouldn’t change my life a bit. ◦ Wouldn’t you?!

11. Emphasis She forgave her sister for deceiving her. ◦ She did forgive her sister for deceiving her. I wrote the poem myself. ◦ I did write the poem myself. I love parties. ◦ I do love parties Books cost a lot ◦ Books do cost a lot This bus goes to the station non-stop. ◦ This bus does go to the station non-stop

12. Question tags It’s a lovely day, ________ ? ◦ Isn’t it? You couldn’t lend me 5$, ________ ? ◦ Could you? Tom drives very fast, ________ ? ◦ Doesn’t he? I don’t think he’s ever been there, ________ ◦ Hasn’t he? You don’t like him, ________? ◦ Do you?