1. The Problem: An Introduction to Preservation, Trust and Continuing Access for e-Journals Neil Beagrie Charles Beagrie Ltd With thanks to Randy Kiefer (CLOCKSS) and Kate Wittenberg (Portico) APE Conference Berlin 29 January 2014

2. Introduction

3. e- journals Most commonly cited reasons for moving to e- only: –Patron demand - convenience (24/ 7 access); –potential library space savings; –Improved access to a greater number of titles; –High cost of maintaining dual formats; –Increasing needs and expectations of users: online becoming preferred option; –Definitive versions are now the online renditions.

4. e- journals However: –Different business model (licensing access) –Issues for preservation: Usability of digital content is technology dependent Inherent fragility due to the pace of technological change Multitude of electronic formats –Concerns over continuing (perpetual) access and long-term preservation

5. Some Definitions Continuing (or Perpetual) Access is most commonly associated with e-journal licence clauses designed to provide assurance of continued access to subscribed material in certain circumstances, including post-cancellation… Long-term preservation refers to the processes and procedures required to ensure content remains accessible well into the future… In other words, continuing or perpetual access is an attempt to replicate the situation with paper journals for libraries… Long term preservation, on the other hand, can be viewed as an issue, not just for the subscribing library, but for society as a whole, ensuring that the scholarly record continues to be accessible to future generations. (after Morrow et al 2008)

6. Not Preservation: Commercial Hosting Includes aggregation databases Includes journal hosting platforms Includes distribution platforms (ebooks) Not preservation, not a trusted archive

7. Not Preservation: Aggregators Some examples –Gale –EBSCOhost –ProQuest Current subscriber only – not continuing access

8. Not Preservation: Journal Hosting Platform Commercial arrangement where publisher’s journals are hosted for access by subscribers If publisher does not pay due to closure, then the site and access is removed Atypon, Ingenta, HighWire, Silverchair, Metapress, Torrossa, and others

9. Service definitions and relationships

10. Service Solutions Keepers of the content in case of –Publisher failure and no pick up of their assets –Discontinuation of a journal and publisher removes access –Disaster disrupts publisher’s availability for extended period of time

11. Service Solutions Addressing digital preservation: CLOCKSS National legal deposit and copyright libraries KB e-depot Addressing continuing access and digital preservation : [Publisher platforms] Portico LOCKSS Addressing archiving knowledge base: Keepers Registry

12. Their Value to Publishers Market demand by libraries that want to be assured there is an independent third- party preservation of electronic content. Transition from physical content on shelves to “access” to electronic content. Publishers want to be good stewards of their content.

13. Library Concerns? Content coverage (is content I’m interested in included?) Access (what will I gain access to? when? under what conditions?) Solution viability (will these efforts last?) Library responsibilities (what will this cost in terms of time, expertise, funding?) Technical approach (will this really preserve the material?)

14. Current State

15. DPC Tech Watch Report http://dx.doi.org/10.7207/twr13-04 http://dx.doi.org/10.7207/twr13-04

16. Issues Large gaps in breadth of coverage of archived journal titles (depth ie volumes not known); Practical implementation issues for the service providers/solutions e.g. Transfer Code notifications; Importance and implications of the shifts towards (a)open access and (b) to more dynamic and interdependent web resources; Trust - archive repositories are one key element. Other initiatives, such as the Transfer Code, the Keepers Registry, and model licence clauses and enactment mechanisms are also critical.

17. Recommendations: for publishers Cooperate with one or more external e-journal archiving solutions; Develop and publicize your policies on perpetual access and long-term preservation; Post-cancellation access conditions should be defined in licensing agreements between libraries and publishers; When titles are sold on to other publishers, the Transfer Code of Practice should be followed; If you are an open-access publisher, use the CC-BY licence. Simple and consistent licensing substantially reduces the cost of preservation of open-access content.

18. Questions (?)