1. C. Tenopir 1 Scholarly Publishing at the Crossroads Carol Tenopir University of Tennessee ctenopir@utk.edu

2. 2 C. Tenopir Scholarly Publishing at the Crossroads SPARC Society Publishers Commercial Publishers BioMed Central Institutional Repositories E-Print Service Self-Archives

3. 3 C. Tenopir Three Main Models 1.With Traditional Publishers 2. New Relationship with Publishers 3. Without Traditional Publishers

4. 4 C. Tenopir With Traditional Publishers Society Publishers 23% Commercial Publishers 40% Other 21% Educational 16%

5. 5 C. Tenopir New Relationships SPARC (Scholarly Publishing and Academic Researches Coalition) BioMed Central Public Library of Science Budapest Open Archives Initiative

6. 6 C. Tenopir Without Traditional Publishers Institutional Repositories (“University Archiving”) Self-Archiving E-Print Service (e.g., arXiv.org)

7. 7 C. Tenopir Awareness of E-print Services (in percent of respondents) ArXiv.org PrePrint Other Network AAS 84.5% 4.7% u/k ORNL 49% 25% u/k UTK 8% 6% 4%

8. 8 C. Tenopir Electronic Articles Reading E-journals E-prints Other Total AAS 58.6% 18.3% 2% 78.9% ORNL 17.3% 3.6% 14% 34.9% UTK 15% ~15% 5% ~35%

9. 9 C. Tenopir Periodicals Number of online refereed scholarly periodicals ~12,000 Number of refereed scholarly periodicals ~15,000 Total number of periodicals ~250,000

10. 10 C. Tenopir Costs for a 500-Subscriber Print Journal Reproduction/ Distribution 11% Fixed (front-end) 89% -- Intellectual/ Educational 75%

11. 11 C. Tenopir Publishing Chain Reader Author Library Consortia Indexer Vendor Publisher Editor

12. 12 C. Tenopir Publishing Chain Reader Author Library Consortia Indexer Vendor Publisher Editor

13. 13 C. Tenopir Publishing Chain Reader Author Library Consortia Indexer Vendor Publisher

14. 14 C. Tenopir Publishing Chain Reader Author Library Consortia Indexer Vendor

15. 15 C. Tenopir Publishing Chain Reader Author Library Consortia Indexer

16. 16 C. Tenopir Publishing Chain Reader Author Library Consortia

17. 17 C. Tenopir Publishing Chain Reader Author Library

18. 18 C. Tenopir Publishing Chain Reader Author

19. 19 C. Tenopir Purposes of Scholarly Publishing Authority Quality Accessibility Longevity Priority and Recognition

20. 20 C. Tenopir What is Needed to Substitute? Authors Universities Another not-for-profit body

21. 21 C. Tenopir What is Needed? Commitment Adherence to Standards Multiple Solutions

22. 22 C. Tenopir Closing Words Electronic publishing doesn’t drastically reduce costs Intellectual costs are highest Must work together Multiple co-existing alternatives