1. Seabrook floodgate (the Times-Picayune ) Anamaria Bukvic, PhD Urban Affairs and Planning School of Public and International Affairs New York City (nca2014)

2. Overconfidence in technology and engineering solutions Unsustainable coastal land use patterns Choosing only feel-good short-term solutions Avoiding wicked problems until they escalate Lack of accountability and inertia

3. 1.Levees and seawalls 2.Natural protective barriers like wetlands, sand dunes, vegetation 3.Housing elevation and flood proofing 4.Relocation 5.Nothing

5. How to proceed? Holistic approach (inputs, outputs, interactions) Custom-made solutions Multiple approaches (mix and match) Innovation and creativity to integrate