1. Unit 4 - Chapter 8 Turmoil in the Territory
Clash of Cultures
Unit 4 - Chapter 8
Turmoil in the Territory

2. Bell Activity
This is still a no gum class. Please dispose of it properly!
Take out a piece of paper. Put your name, hour and today’s date on it. The title of the paper is Utah: The Struggle for Statehood Part 2
Put these titles on your paper. Separate them by 7 lines. Go on to the back of your paper if necessary.
The Walker War
The Peculiar Institution
Handcarts
Reformation
To War
In the Meadows
Cold War
Peace
Where should your backpack be?

3. Bell Activity
This is still a no gum class. Please dispose of it properly!
Take out your paper from yesterday, titled Utah: The Struggle for Statehood Part 2
Be ready to start when the bell rings.
The Walker War
The Peculiar Institution
Handcarts
Reformation
To War
In the Meadows
Cold War
Peace
Where should your backpack be?

4. Bell Activity Your words are “immunity” & “glean”
This is still a no gum class. Please dispose of it properly!
Your words are “immunity” & “glean”
Find the word on your grey study guide and complete the following information for the word.
Find the definition using a glossary.
Use your own knowledge and experience to complete the rest of the definition.
Where should your backpack be?

5. Does your work look something like this?
Word: immunity
My Understanding:
Definition:
Draw a picture of it:
Sentence:
Synonym/ Example:
Antonym/Non-Example:

6. Bell Activity Your words are “animosity” & “retaliate”
This is still a no gum class. Please dispose of it properly!
Your words are “animosity” & “retaliate”
Find the word on your grey study guide and complete the following information for the word.
Find the definition using a glossary.
Use your own knowledge and experience to complete the rest of the definition.
Where should your backpack be?

7. Does your work look something like this?
Word: animosity
My Understanding:
Definition:
Draw a picture of it:
Sentence:
Synonym/ Example:
Antonym/Non-Example:

8. Does your work look something like this?
Word: animosity
My Understanding:
Definition: bitter hostility; active
Draw a picture of it:
hatred
Sentence: There is great animosity
between the U.S. and North Korea.
Synonym/ Example: hostility, hatred, loathing
Antonym/Non-Example: goodwill, friendliness, care

9. Does your work look something like this?
Word: retaliate
My Understanding:
Definition:
Draw a picture of it:
Sentence:
Synonym/ Example:
Antonym/Non-Example:

10. Does your work look something like this?
Word: retaliate
My Understanding:
Definition: to attack of assault in
Draw a picture of it:
Return for a similar attack.
Sentence: The sister vowed to retaliate
when her brother posted her diary on the
Internet.
Synonym/ Example: get even, strike back, react
Antonym/Non-Example: accept, forgive

11. Today we will learn about…
History Objective - We will examine the interaction between the pioneers and Native Americans, and how their cultures conflicted.
Behavior Objective – Participation & Work Ethic
Language Objective - We will listen to the information and write the important details in our notes.

12. Conflict Between Tribes
Culture Clash
Comparing Cultures
Columbian Exchange
Disease & Population
Conflict Between Tribes
Indian Farms
Religious Converts

13. Different Cultures Meet
As the new settlements grew and expanded, they spread across Utah.
These newcomers were moving into areas where Native Americans had been living for thousands of years.
These two groups lived very differently and often misunderstood each other.
A Goshute woman and her child.

14. Comparing Lifeways Settlers Traditional Utes Strict rules
Future oriented
Strict discipline of children
Land ownership
Farmers
Conquering nature
Hoarding
competitive
Traditional Utes
Free flowing existence
Live for here & now
Freedom of choice
Non-owenership of the land (except for territorial boundaries)
Hunters, roamers
Harmony with nature
Sharing
Non-competitive

15. What do you think?
“These are some of the real differences in the two cultures. You can’t judge one culture by the criteria of another culture. You can’t force the values of one people on another. It will never work. Each must have their own ways. Each must have their own source of spiritual strength.”
-Forest S. Cuch, Ute and Utah Director of Indian Affairs, 1998
Mr. Cuch feels that general attitudes in both cultures are very different from each other. Do you agree or disagree with the terms on his lists? What changes might you make to the lists?

16. Unintended Consequences
Some of the Mormon settlers tried to be kind to the natives of Utah, and vice versa.
However, the arrival of so many immigrants caused suffering to the different tribes.
A Ute woman and man.

17. The Columbian Exchange

18. Disease
The most devastating effect of immigrants moving into Utah was the introduction of diseases.
Diseases even killed wild animals. They were introduced by the Mountain Men and their animals.
The effect of disease on Native American populations was profound. Estimates range from 70-90% of Native people died from diseases AD.
Small pox kills natives in Mexico in 1500.
A man with small pox, 1912.

19. Population in Peril
Yet even with these examples of working together, one group lost their culture.
“Extending one way of life meant destroying another. In 1846, before the pioneers came, there were about 20,000 Indians and almost no whites. By 1900, there were only 2,500 Indians and 300,000 whites.”
-John McCormick,
Utah Historian
This chart shows the change in native and white populations over 50+ years.

20. Population in Peril
Yet even with these examples of working together, one group lost their culture.
“Extending one way of life meant destroying another. In 1846, before the pioneers came, there were about 20,000 Indians and almost no whites. By 1900, there were only 2,500 Indians and 300,000 whites.”
-John McCormick,
Utah Historian
This chart shows the change in native and white populations over 50+ years.

21. Population in Peril
Yet even with these examples of working together, one group lost their culture.
“Extending one way of life meant destroying another. In 1846, before the pioneers came, there were about 20,000 Indians and almost no whites. By 1900, there were only 2,500 Indians and 300,000 whites.”
-John McCormick,
Utah Historian
This chart shows the change in native and white populations over 50+ years.

22. Cooperation and Kindness
With your table partners, read pages
Make two columns on the back of this paper.
In one column, write examples of how Natives peoples and pioneers helped each other. In the other write ways they came into conflict.
Hint: They will not (and should not) be equal in length!

23. Conflict Among Tribes
It didn’t take long for the settlers to realize that the different tribes had a strong animosity for each other.
Maintaining their hold on their territories and other conflicts sometimes led to aggression and retaliation.
A Ute warrior and his young wife.

24. Competition with Other Bands
Indians also did not necessarily see themselves as part of one large tribe.
A Ute leader, Walkara, welcomed the Mormons when they entered the Salt Lake Valley.
He believed they could help him and his people, who lived near Utah Lake, fend off other bands within the tribe.
He told one settler, Dimmock Huntington, “It was good to kill the [Timpanogot] Utes.”
An elderly Walkara

25. Exploitation of Other Tribes
The Paiutes welcomed the Mormons and helped them survive.
They hoped that these newcomers would help protect their people from the Utes.
The Utes were very skilled with horses and often raided the Paiutes and Goshutes for slaves.
This slave trade had been introduced by the Spanish centuries before.
A Paiute family outside their wikiup.

26. Indian-White Conflicts
In spite of efforts on both side to work together, conflicts erupted as settlers continued to encroach on Indian lands.
The Walker War was just the first of many “wars” between the two peoples.
Often times innocent people were killed, like the Indian that triggered the Walker War or John Gunnison, an engineer who was killed by natives retaliating for attacks on their people.
A drawing of a younger Walkara.

27. Indian Farms
Like other white settlers across the U.S., the Mormons believed that their agriculture and religion would improve the lives of the various tribes.
They tries to convince the Indians to settle on farm lands where they would provide them with food, clothes, work, and farming techniques.
These farms were often created in areas were tribes, like the Pahvant Utes, were already practicing agriculture on a small scale.
Spanish Fork was just such a farm.
But most natives preferred to keep their own traditional lives and fought to maintain them.

28. Religious Conversions
As Native Americans continued to see their way of life change by the influx of settlers, some sought connections to the newcomers through their religion.
One such convert was Little Soldier, who was a member of the Northwestern Shoshone band and was baptized into the LDS church.
When he was killed by stray bullets, his funeral was attended by both natives and whites.
Members of the Shivwits Paiute band being baptized.

29. Hamblin, the “Peacemaker”
The most famous Mormon missionary to the Indians was Jacob Hamblin.
After an incident in a small battle, he believed that he should work to befriend and understand the natives instead of fighting them.
He learned the Paiute and Ute languages and worked to settle disputes between Indians and settlers, gaining the trust of both.
Hablin worked to convert and befriend Native Americans in Utah.

30. Think and Write…
How do you think that people from two very different cultures can live peacefully side by side, to the benefit of both groups?
How could the white man have treated the Indians fairly? Act as an Indian agent and write a plan that would allow colonization, meeting the needs of white settlers and those of the Indians.

31. Today we will learn about…
History Objective - We will examine the interaction between the pioneers and Native Americans, and how their cultures conflicted.
Behavior Objective – Participation & Work Ethic
Language Objective - We will listen to the information and write the important details in our notes.

32. Cooperation and Kindness
Although their cultures were very different, there are many examples of cooperation between natives and settlers.
Settlers & Utes in Sanpete work together to get supplies through the snow.
During the time that the Mormons were starving, Ute and Shoshone women taught them to eat sego lily roots.
A pioneer girl with no shoes was given some by her Indian friend.
In Nephi, a native woman visited the townspeople to ask for food, but found they had less than she did. She returned and gave them some of her food.
Women of the Mormon Relief Society worked to make clothing for Indian women and children.
Native women would often glean the settler’s field after the harvest to gather food that was left behind.
These two groups were now very part of each other’s lives.

33. Linking the Past to the Present
In what ways do people of different religious, ethnic, and social experiences sometimes misunderstand each other today?
Where are some of the places in the world today where conflict is based on different cultural backgrounds? What are some of the issues being contested?

34. Bell Activity Your word is “passive”
This is still a no gum class. Please dispose of it properly!
Your word is “passive”
Find the word on your grey study guide and complete the following information for the word.
Find the definition using a glossary.
Use your own knowledge and experience to complete the rest of the definition.
Where should your backpack be?

35. Does your work look something like this?
Word: passive
My Understanding:
Definition:
Draw a picture of it:
Sentence:
Synonym/ Example:
Antonym/Non-Example:

36. Does your work look something like this?
Word: passive
My Understanding:
Definition: not participating actively
Draw a picture of it:
Sentence: During the 1960s many
people passively protested segregation
and the poor treatment of minority groups.
Synonym/ Example: inactive; peaceful
Antonym/Non-Example: proactive, hands-on, active

37. Bell Activity Your word is “contempt”
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Your word is “contempt”
Find the word on your blue study guide and complete the following information for the word.
Find the definition using a glossary.
Use your own knowledge and experience to complete the rest of the definition.
Where should your backpack be?

38. Does your work look something like this?
Word: contempt
My Understanding:
Definition:
Draw a picture of it:
Sentence:
Synonym/ Example:
Antonym/Non-Example:

39. Where should your backpack be?
Bell Activity
This is still a no gum class. Please dispose of it properly!
Your word is “diverse”
Find the word on your blue study guide and complete the following information for the word.
Find the definition using a glossary.
Use your own knowledge and experience to complete the rest of the definition.
Where should your backpack be?

40. Does your work look something like this?
Word: diverse
My Understanding:
Definition:
Draw a picture of it:
Sentence:
Synonym/ Example:
Antonym/Non-Example:

41. Does your work look something like this?
Word: diverse
My Understanding:
Definition:
Draw a picture of it:
Sentence: Utah became more diverse
when soldiers settled Camp Floyd.
Synonym/ Example: varied; multicultural
Antonym/Non-Example: similar, alike; monoculture