1. Do Orange and Green Clash?
Residential Segregation in Northern Ireland

2. Residential Segregation
People of the same social class, occupation, race, ethnicity and religion often cluster together
Residential segregation and be voluntary or involuntary, it can be difficult to separate

3. Enclaves
Residential clusters that occur when people choose to live together
Little Saigon in LA
Little Havana in Miami
Retirement communities

4. Ghettos Ghettos are products of involuntary segregation
Discriminatory practices in housing and labor markets (US)
Early Chinatowns
African Americans in the north (Great Migration)

5. Racial Segregation in Los Angeles, CA
Racial Segregation in Los Angeles, CA. White Anglos are found in beach communities and in newly built suburbs. The black community is highly concentrated in a large area south of the downtown. Asians or Pacific Islanders are also concentrated but into smaller, more scattered notes of settlement, reflecting their diverse ethnic makeup. The settlement of Hispanics, the largest racial and ethnic minority group in LA represents the reverse of white-Anglos. For the most part, they are numerous in places where white-Anglos are absent

6. Degree of Segregation
Social distance measures the likelihood that dissimilar groups will interact with one another
This can influence the degree of assimilation for minority groups
Segregation Indices measure the degree of segregation
Spatial divergence occurs if the two groups become spatially more segregated
Spatial convergence occurs if they become spatially more integrated.

7. index of dissimilarity
Segregation Index
index of dissimilarity 1
complete
integration
complete
segregation
DISCUSSION:
* What does this value of mean in terms of on-the-ground reality?
I.E = 75% of the segregated group (elderly, Hispanics, etc.) would have to move in order to achieve complete integration
[note: the segregated group could be the "non-" portion of the population, non-elderly, non-Hispanic, etc.
moving any combination of the two groups, i.e. 35% of elderly and 40% of non-elderly could also achieve integration]
* How does the index of dissimilarity relate to the scale being considered?
[i.e. a group may be integrated regionally, but segregated at the urban level]
(p. 347)

8. Segregation Indices in US Metropolitan Areas at the Census Tract Level, by Ethnicity
1980
1990
2000
Native American
0.373
0.368
0.333
Asians
0.405
0.412
0.411
African-Americans
0.727
0.679
0.640
Hispanics
0.502
0.500
0.509

9. Case Study: Do Orange and Green Clash?
Ireland remained Catholic while Great Britain became Protestant
The British took over Ireland (1601) and used a plantation system to alter the ethnic composition
Land was taken away from local Irish aristocrats and given to British aristocrats
By 1700, less than 1% of Irish land was still in Irish Catholic hands
¾ of the island ethnic composition did not change much and remained mostly Catholic
Ulster Plantation in the North had a history of rebellion so the British encouraged many Scots and English to move there.

10. Remnants of a castle in County Fermanagh built by Protestants
in the early 1600s and now serving as a tourist attraction.
FOR MORE INFORMATION on Monea Castle pictured here, go to:
Figure 12.3 (p. 339)

11. Both sides promote their group identity
1921: ¾ of Ireland gained independence, the Irish Free State (1949 became Republic of Ireland)
Since 1969 Northern Ireland has been troubled by terrorist acts and political killings by both sides
Irish Republican Army
Both sides promote their group identity
Protestants join the Orange Order
Catholic Irish adopted green after their homeland the Emerald Isle

12. What does the Republic of Ireland’s flag represent?

13. Case Study
In activity 1 you will look at the population change between the Protestants and Catholics from 1971 to 2011
Create the choropleth maps, print and then answer questions
In activity 2 you will measure the residential segregation of Protestants from Catholics
Create the spreadsheets, print and then answer the questions