1. Cultures Clash on the Great Plains CH 5

3. Why do we call it the Great Plains? GEOGRAPHY! – Remember from geography! Plains are flat lands that usually only have grass and no trees. – The Great Plains is a flat region in the middle of the United States that reaches from Texas to Canada.

4. Great Plains

5. Different Cultures Native American Nomadic – moved around the Great Plains following and hunting buffalo Did not believe in private property Were not Christian White Settlers Wanted to farm & use the land Believed in private property Most were Christian

6. Confrontations in the West 1864 – Sand Creek Massacre: 150 Cheyenne, mostly women and children, killed by Colorado Militia

7. Confrontations in the West 1866 – Bozeman Trail (Wyoming): 80 U.S. Cavalrymen killed by Crazy Horse

8. Confrontations in the West 1874-75 – Red River War: Kiowa & Comanche began raiding white villages so the U.S. Army came in and defeated the Indians

9. Confrontations in the West 1876 – “Custer’s Last Stand”: over 2,000 braves led by Sitting Bull killed Col. George Custer and his 200 cavalrymen at Little Big Horn in Montana

10. Confrontations in the West 1890 – Battle of Wounded Knee: 300 unarmed Sioux were killed by the 7 th Cavalry, and the wounded were left to freeze

11. Wounded Knee Massacre

13. Confrontations in the West 1890 – Battle of Wounded Knee: 300 unarmed Sioux were killed by the 7 th Cavalry, and the wounded were left to freeze – This led to the end of the Indian Wars. After 1890, the Indians stopped fighting for their land and were moved to reservations.

14. Assimilation assimilation:

15. Assimilation assimilation: when a minority group (like the Indians) adopts the culture of the majority group (the whites)

16. Assimilation assimilation: when a minority group (like the Indians) adopts the culture of the majority group (the whites) the Dawes Act of 1887 was a law that forced assimilation – it gave land to individual Indians, forcing them to own private property and farm it like whites

17. The Carlisle School

18. Assimilation

21. The End of the Era of Buffalo 1800 – 65 million buffalo 1890 – less than 1,000 remained WHY? tourists and fur traders shot buffalo for sport 2000 – 260,000 buffalo

22. Cattle becomes big business – a. after Civil War demand for beef rose sharply – b. Texans had tens of thousands of longhorns – c. Cattle drives began from Texas to Kansas/Missouri

26. – d. most popular trail was Chisholm Trail (San Antonio to Abilene, Kansas) – e. ended in 1890s due to railroads entering Texas, overgrazing, and barbed wire