3. From the 1400s to the 1600s, Europeans ventured out to explore what was to them the unknown world in an effort to reap the profits of trade and colonization.

4. Objective 1 Beginning in the 1400s, Europeans set forth in a great wave of exploration and trade.

5. Objective 1 Beginning in the 1400s, Europeans set forth in a great wave of exploration and trade.

6. Objective 2 European Motivations A.Muslims controlled many trade routes. B.Profit through trade in goods such as gold, silver, silks, sugar, and spices. C.Spread of Christianity: missionaries, Bartolome de las Casas speaks out against enslavement and mistreatment of native peoples

7. Objective 2A European Motivations First, eastern middlemen, mainly Muslims, controlled the overland trade routes from Asia to Europe.

8. Objective 2B European Motivations Profit through trade in goods such as gold, silver, silks, sugar, and spices.

9. Objective 2B European Motivations Using all water routes to Asia

10. Objective 2C European Motivations Spread of Christianity

11. Objective 3 Geography of the spice trade A.The Moluccas, also known as the “Spice Islands”: part of present-day Indonesia B.Locate the region known as Indochina, the Malay Peninsula, the Philippines. C.Definition of “archipelago” D.“Ring of Fire”: earthquakes and volcanic activity

12. Objective 3 Geography of the spice trade A.The Moluccas, also known as the “Spice Islands”: part of present-day Indonesia

13. Objective 3 Geography of the spice trade B. Locate the region known as Indochina, the Malay Peninsula, the Philippines.

14. Objective 3 Geography of the spice trade C. Define archipelago - A series of many islands

15. Objective 3 Geography of the spice trade D. “Ring of Fire”: earthquakes and volcanic activity WRONG ONE!!

16. Objective 4 European exploration, trade, and colonization A.Portugal B.Spain C.England and France D.Holland (The Netherlands)

17. Objective 4 European exploration, trade, and colonization A.Portugal Prince Henry the Navigator-

18. Prince Henry 1394-1460 Prince Henry established a school for the study of navigation, mapmaking, and shipbuilding in 1420. His goal was to find a route to the rich spice trade of the Indies and to explore the west coast of Africa.

19. Prince Henry the Navigator Finding a Water Route to Asia

21. Designing New Ships The ships of the day were too slow and too heavy to make long ocean voyages. Under Prince Henry’s direction, a new and lighter ship was developed, the caravel, which would allow sea captains to sail further and faster.

23. Caravels The caravel was an improvement on older ships because it could sail very fast and also sail well into the wind. Caravels had 2 or 3 masts with square sails or triangular sails. They were up to about 65 feet long and could carry roughly 130 tons of cargo.

26. Exploring the Coast of Africa During the two-year period from 1444 to 1446, Prince Henry intensified the exploration of Africa, sending between 30 and 40 of his ships on missions. The last voyage sponsored by Prince Henry sailed over 1,500 miles down the African coast.

27. A Lasting Legacy Although Prince Henry never sailed on the expeditions, the voyages that he paid for in the mid-1400s helped launch Portugal into the front of the race to find a sea route to the Indies.

28. Objective 4 European exploration, trade, and colonization A.Portugal Bartolomeu Dias

29. Bartolomeu Dias 1487-1488 Bartolomeu Dias became the first to sail all the way around the southern tip of Africa to the Cape of Good Hope. His ship was battered by fierce storms, his sailors grew hungry, sick, and frightened. Dias wanted to sail to India, but his sailors made him return to Portugal.

31. Objective 4 European exploration, trade, and colonization A.Portugal Vasco da Gama

32. Vasco da Gama 1497-1499 Almost 10 years after Dias reached the tip of Africa, Vasco da Gama sailed around the Cape of Good Hope to India. He took four ships and 170 men. He sailed back to Portugal with his ship full of spices but only returned with 55 of his sailors. Da Gama finally found a sea route to Asia.

34. Objective 4 European exploration, trade, and colonization A.Portugal East African Swahili City-States

35. Objective 4 European exploration, trade, and colonization A.Portugal Pedro Cabral Claims Brazil

37. Objective 4 European Exploration, trade, and colonization B. Spain Christopher Columbus and the Tainos

38. He sailed from Spain in 1492 with three ships, the Nina, the Pinta and the Santa Maria.

41. Objective 4 European Exploration, trade, and colonization B. Spain Christopher Columbus -sent home

42. Objective 4 European Exploration, trade, and colonization B. Spain Bartolome de las Casas

43. Objective 4 European Exploration, trade, and colonization B. Spain - Treaty of Tordesillas

44. Objective 4 European Exploration, trade, and colonization B. Spain Vasco Nunez de Balboa

45. Objective 4 European Exploration, trade, and colonization B. Spain Magellan and the Circumnavigation of the Globe

50. Objective 4 European exploration, trade, and colonization C. England and France Search for the Northwest Passage

51. Objective 4 European exploration, trade, and colonization C. England and France John Cabot

53. Objective 4 European exploration, trade, and colonization C. England and France Samuel de Champlain

55. Objective 4 European exploration, trade, and colonization C. England and France Henry Hudson

57. Objective 4 European exploration, trade, and colonization C. England and France English Colonies in North America

59. Objective 4 European exploration, trade, and colonization C. England and France Establishment of the Thirteen English Colonies in North America

60. Objective 4 Establishment of the Thirteen English Colonies in North America Virginia

61. Objective 4 Establishment of the Thirteen English Colonies in North America Massachusetts Bay

62. Objective 4 Establishment of the Thirteen English Colonies in North America New Hampshire

63. Objective 4 Establishment of the Thirteen English Colonies in North America Maryland

64. Objective 4 Establishment of the Thirteen English Colonies in North America Rhode Island

65. Objective 4 Establishment of the Thirteen English Colonies in North America Connecticut

66. Objective 4 Establishment of the Thirteen English Colonies in North America North and South Carolina

67. Objective 4 Establishment of the Thirteen English Colonies in North America New York

68. Objective 4 Establishment of the Thirteen English Colonies in North America New Jersey

69. Objective 4 Establishment of the Thirteen English Colonies in North America Pennsylvania

70. Objective 4 Establishment of the Thirteen English Colonies in North America Delaware

71. Objective 4 Establishment of the Thirteen English Colonies in North America Georgia

72. Objective 4 European exploration, trade, and colonization C. England and France English Colonies in the West Indies

73. Objective 4 European exploration, trade, and colonization C. England and France French Colonies in North America

74. Objective 4 European exploration, trade, and colonization C. England and France French Colonies in the West Indies

75. Objective 4 European exploration, trade, and colonization C. England and France Trading Posts in India

77. Objective 4 European exploration, trade, and colonization D. Holland (The Netherlands) The Portuguese may have been the first to seek out the maritime route to Asia, but inadequate finances, the unprecedented novelty of their enterprise, and aggressive competition from other countries made it difficult for the Portuguese to hold on to their advantages.

79. Objective 4 European exploration, trade, and colonization D. Holland (The Netherlands) Dutch versus Portuguese in Africa and the East Indies

80. Objective 4 European exploration, trade, and colonization D. Holland (The Netherlands) Cape Colony and South Africa

81. Objective 4 European exploration, trade, and colonization D. Holland (The Netherlands) New Netherland

82. Objective 5 The sugar trade A.African slaves on Portuguese sugar plantations on islands off West African coast, such as Sao Tome B.Sugar plantations on Caribbean islands C.West Indies: Cuba, Puerto Rico, The Bahamas, Dominican Republic, Haiti, Jamaica

83. Objective 5 The sugar trade A.African slaves on Portuguese sugar plantations on islands off West African coast, such as Sao Tome

84. Objective 5 The sugar trade B. Sugar plantations on Caribbean islands

85. Objective 5 The sugar trade C. West Indies: Cuba, Puerto Rico, The Bahamas, Dominican Republic, Haiti, Jamaica

86. Objective 6 Transatlantic slave trade: the “triangular trade” from Europe to Africa to colonies in the Caribbean and the Americas A.The “Slave Coast” in West Africa B.The Middle Passage

87. Objective 6 Transatlantic slave trade: the “triangular trade” from Europe to Africa to colonies in the Caribbean and the Americas A.The “Slave Coast” in West Africa

88. Objective 6 Transatlantic slave trade: the “triangular trade” from Europe to Africa to colonies in the Caribbean and the Americas B. The Middle Passage