1. Questionnaires: Design and Uses Jo Horsburgh Sarah Worton

2. What do you already know? Designing and administering questionnaires. Evaluating the usefulness of a questionnaire. Analysing the data generated from a questionnaire. Completing a questionnaire.

3. Strengths and Limitations StrengthsLimitations High in reliabilityLow in validity Quick and relatively easy to carry outImposed questions and answers Potentially large sampleSelf-selected sample Analysis of quantitative data is less time-consuming Lacks an exploration of meanings and motivations Can generate correlationsMisunderstanding of questions Perceived anonymity is highUnsure who has completed the questionnaire Easy to distributeLow response rate

4. What are questionnaires useful for finding out? http://www.surveymonkey.com/

5. Design Considerations Type of Questions Open and closed questions Multiple choice questions Dichotomous questions Likert (rating) scale questions Rank ordering questions Constant sum questions Ratio data questions Presenting Questionnaires Stating aims Ethical statement Instructions Number of questions/pages Sequencing of questions Problematic Questions Terminology Clarity of expression (complexity and ambiguity) Leading questions Social desirability Double negative questions Double-barrelled question Content of Questions Research aims Demographic questions Sensitive questions Internal reliability ‘Red herring’ questions

6. Other Considerations 1.Pilot study 2.Validated questionnaires (copyright issues) 3.Ethical issues 4.Cover letter/explanatory introduction 5.Sample 6.Incentives 7.Mode of delivery (postal, online, self-administered) 8.Data analysis (coding) 9.Presenting data 10.Evaluating questionnaires

7. Are questionnaires the right choice for your research?