2. OPEN STAR CLUSTER M11 Rosalina Bonilla Jennifer Hsieh Mary Lou Juanatas Cluster 7: Stars, Sight, and Science

3. OUTLINE Background of Star Clusters Background of Star Clusters Description of project Description of project Messier 11 Messier 11 Ideal Gas Law Ideal Gas Law Star Formation Star Formation Stellar Evolution Stellar Evolution Observation & data collection of M11 Observation & data collection of M11 Data analysis Data analysis Results & conclusions Results & conclusions

4. What are open star clusters? Group of stars born at the same time Cluster contains Hot Young stars Found in the disk of spiral galaxies  Metallicity – how much heavy elements are in the object  Open cluster have lots of metals

5. MAIN OBJECTIVES How old is M11? How old is M11? How do we know? How do we know? Why does it matter? Why does it matter?

6. Fun Facts about M11 Nick Name: The Wild Duck Cluster Nick Name: The Wild Duck Cluster One of the richest and most compact of open cluster One of the richest and most compact of open cluster Discovered in 1681 by Gottfriend Kirch Discovered in 1681 by Gottfriend Kirch 3000 stars 3000 stars

7. Ideal Gas Law P= pressure P= pressure V= volume V= volume n= number of particles n= number of particles T= temperature T= temperature R= gas constant R= gas constant P V= n RT P V= n RT

8. Star Formation Protostar – dust and gas collapses under gravity Protostar – dust and gas collapses under gravity Pressure balances the forces of gravity Pressure balances the forces of gravity Molecules in the protostar radiate allowing it to shrink Molecules in the protostar radiate allowing it to shrink

9. Stellar Structure/Evolution Main sequence – hydrogen fuses into helium in the core Main sequence – hydrogen fuses into helium in the core Red giants swell up, causing the outer layers to cool which makes them red Red giants swell up, causing the outer layers to cool which makes them red This happens when the core runs out of hydrogen This happens when the core runs out of hydrogen

10. OBSERVATION

11. DATA ANALYSIS

12. CONCLUSION M11 is 90 million years old with an of 10 million years M11 is 90 million years old with an ± of 10 million years Using the isoplot program we estimated the age of our M11 Using the isoplot program we estimated the age of our M11 Open star clusters help us determine the metallicity of our universe Open star clusters help us determine the metallicity of our universe The metalllicity of the universe is important because we’re made of metals The metalllicity of the universe is important because we’re made of metals

13. ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS Advisors Advisors Jason Melbourne Jason Melbourne Nick Konidaris Nick Konidaris Vision Science Vision Science Gabriel, Gene, Jason P., Jim, Joy, & Maribell Gabriel, Gene, Jason P., Jim, Joy, & Maribell Astronomy Astronomy David, Elinor, Jason, Lynne, Marla, Nick, Scott Sea., Scott Sev. David, Elinor, Jason, Lynne, Marla, Nick, Scott Sea., Scott Sev. Teacher Fellow / Sci. Comm. Teacher Fellow / Sci. Comm. Gary / Pascha Gary / Pascha

14. REFERENCES WWW.ANTWRP.GFSC.NASA.GOV WWW.ANTWRP.GFSC.NASA.GOV WWW.ANTWRP.GFSC.NASA.GOV Http://antwrp.gsfc.nasa.gov/apod/astropix.ht ml (Astronomy Pic. of the Day) Http://antwrp.gsfc.nasa.gov/apod/astropix.ht ml (Astronomy Pic. of the Day) Http://antwrp.gsfc.nasa.gov/apod/astropix.ht ml Http://antwrp.gsfc.nasa.gov/apod/astropix.ht ml Http://mthamilton.ucolick.org/ (Lick observatory) Http://mthamilton.ucolick.org/ (Lick observatory) Http://mthamilton.ucolick.org/ www.tcho.la.asu.edu/ www.tcho.la.asu.edu/ www.tcho.la.asu.edu/ www.soral.as.arizona.edu/ www.soral.as.arizona.edu/ www.soral.as.arizona.edu/ www.ctio.noao.edu/ www.ctio.noao.edu/ www.ctio.noao.edu/ www.star.le.ac.uk/ www.star.le.ac.uk/ www.star.le.ac.uk/ www.physics.nwu.edu/ www.physics.nwu.edu/ www.physics.nwu.edu/

15. QUESTIONS?????