1. Rural Healthcare in the KSA MH Rajab

2. Introduction (Why Community Medicine?) Forest The big picture (community medicine) TreesFleshing it out Branches Zero in Leaves Close it up (you’re here now….) 2

3. Reading Assignment Read the article “Developmental Sequence in Small Groups” by Bruce W. Tuckman. Refer to your experience in forming groups, critique or support the article. A copy of the article is on moodle. 3

4. Rurality of KSA KSA occupies 80% of the Arabian Peninsula Total area about 2.25 millions square km. Geographically, Saudi Arabia is divided into four (and if the Rub al-Khali is included, five) major regions. – The Central region, a high country in the heart of KSA – The Western region, lies along the Red Sea coast. – The Southern region, in the southern Red Sea-Yemen border area. – The Eastern region, the sandy and stormy eastern part of Saudi Arabia, the richest of all the regions in petroleum. 4

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6. Introduction The KSA is divided into 13 administrative regions The climate is hot in the summer, cold in the winder with low rainfall. 6

7. Local Government 1.Ministry of Municipal and Rural Affairs www.saudinf.com/main/c6t.htm www.saudinf.com/main/c6t.htm 2.Ministry of Health www.moh.gov.sa www.moh.gov.sa 7

8. Introduction Estimated Population (2010) is “27, 136, 977” 31.69 % under 15 and only 3% over 65 years old, which influenced the type of healthcare services delivered. Approx. 69% Saudis, ½ % males Approx. 20% of the population lives in rural areas For more information, please refer to the “Health Statistical Year Book 2010” 8

9. Rurality vs. Isolation Rural vs. isolation. Is isolation bad or good? Why? Isolation and the Role of transportation Highway system… Physical obstacles in the KSA Willingness not to be or to be isolated 9

10. Rural Communities in the KSA In the U.S., population size and residential population density of 2500 or more…not classified as rural…. Rural is about 20% of the US population. So, what constitutes rural in the KSA? – A research project for those interested… – KSA Map. 10

11. Rural vs. Urban Communities Health Status – Poverty – Education – Chronic diseases – Infant mortality – Injuries – Trauma 11

12. Rural vs. Urban Does the current medical system in KSA produce doctors who want to live in big cities and work in central hospitals? 12

13. Rural vs. Urban Would more doctors be willing to work in rural areas? What do we have to do: – Alter in-hospital training – offer adequate incentives such as high salaries, high professional standards, good working environment, reasonable workload – Any other 13

14. Rurality in KSA Problems with Designations – Misrepresentation of rural – Rural as part of urban – Under-reporting – Others? 14

15. Rural vs. Urban Communities Economic Factors, e.g., – Income/poverty – Economic development Technology? – Communications Agriculture? Manufacturing and services Tourism 15

16. Rural vs. Urban Healthcare Is there a shortage of qualified healthcare staff in KSA and the region? If so can we overcome these shortages? 16

17. Reading Assignment Read the following articles posted on moodle or find similar articles related the topic and the region. Be ready for in-class presentation. 1.Who wants to work in a rural health post? 2.Evaluated strategies to increase attraction and retention of health workers in remote and rural areas 3.Who are the rural doctors? 17

18. Rural vs. Urban Communities Are there any problems regarding access to and performance of health care services in rural areas? A proportion of the rural population has no or very limited access to healthcare services vs. urban dwellers who all have easy access to healthcare services. 18

19. Rural vs. Urban Communities Access to healthcare – Age (older?) – Poverty – High injuries? – High mortality? 19

20. Reading Assignment Read the following articles posted on moodle or find similar articles related the topic and the region. Be ready for in-class presentation. 1.Strengthening Primary Health Care: Building the Capacity of Rural Communities to Access Health Funding 2.Urban/Rural Differences in Access and Barriers to Health Care for People with Multiple Sclerosis 3.Improving Access to and Outcome From Mental Health care in Rural Australia 20

21. References S. Ballal, et.al., occupational health Saudi Arabia. Occupational Medicine- State of the art reviews. Vol. 17, No. 3, pp 491., July-September 2002 Health Statistical Year Book, 1431, 2010, Ministry of Health. www.moh.gov.sa www.moh.gov.sa Tuckman, Bruce W. (1965) 'Developmental sequence in small groups', Psychological Bulletin, 63, 384-399. http://dennislearningcenter.osu.edu/references/GROUP%20DEV%20ARTI CLE.doc. Accessed January 14, 2005 http://www.pmhut.com/the-five-stages-of-project-team-development http://www.infed.org/thinkers/tuckman.htm Ministry of Municipal and Rural Affairs http://www.saudinf.com/main/c6t.htm http://www.saudinf.com/main/c6t.htm 21