1. Karl Marx and Friedrich Engels:  Published The Communist Manifesto in 1848.  Appalled at conditions in factories and profits of factory owners.  Wanted to replace capitalism with a new social system which became known as communism.

5.  Believed that world history was a class struggle between oppressors and the oppressed.  Oppressors owned means of production and controlled gov’t and society.  Oppressed were those who depended on the owners of the means of production.

7.  They came up with two classes – the bourgeoisie (middle class and rich) and the proletariat (working class and poor).  There would be a violent struggle between the two groups.  The proletariat would win and set up a dictatorship and take over the means of production.

8. AN AMERICAN CLUB: EIGHT OF THE TEN RICHEST PEOPLE IN THE WORLD ARE US CITIZENS Bill Gates, American, Microsoft (software) - $76 billion Carlos Slim Helu, Mexican, Grupo Carso (telecoms) - $72 billion Amancio Ortega, Spanish, Zara (fashion retail) - $64 billion Warren Buffett, American, Berkshire Hathaway (investments) - $58 billion Larry Ellison, American, Oracle (technology) - $48 billion Charles Koch, American, Koch Industries (diversified) $40 billion David Koch, American, Koch Industries (diversified) - $40 billion Sheldon Adelson, American, Las Vegas Sands (casinos) - $38 billion Christy Walton, American, Walmart (retail) - $37 billion Jim Walton, American, Walmart (retail) - $35 billion

18.  The proletariat would abolish economic differences and social classes.  The final revolution would produce a classless society.  There would be no gov’t, no money, no private property, no need to work to stay alive.

30. Countries that embraced communist ideas (they never achieved true communism)  Soviet Union: 1917-1991  Eastern Europe: 1945-1991  Cuba: 1958 – present  China: 1946 – present  North Korea: 1945 – present  Vietnam: 1975 – present

34. Countries that have used communism have all used repression to control the population.  No civil liberties: no freedoms, no religion, no protests against the gov’t.  Mass executions  Concentration/labor camps

35. “Religion is the opiate of the masses.” “The last capitalist we hang shall be the one who sold us the rope.” “Workers of the world unite! You have nothing to lose but your chains.” “My object in life is to dethrone God and destroy capitalism.”

36. Well known Communists in history: Lenin – Soviet Union

37. Stalin – Soviet Union

38. North Vietnam

39. China

40. Kim Il Sung – N. Korea

41. Castro -- Cuba

42. Argentina