1. Finish Globalization Finish Globalization What is Geography? What is Geography? Themes and Issues in World Regional Geography Themes and Issues in World Regional Geography For Next Class: Read McKnight & Hess 2005 (pp., 30-41), available on AsUlearn under the assigned readings link Themes and Issues in WRG

2. 2015 Peru Summer Study Abroad: Andean Societies and Environments July 6 to July 26, 2015 GHY 1011: Global Climate Change (4 hrs) GHY 3140: Andean Mountain Geography (3 hrs) This 20-day intensive program introduces students to Andean Mountain Geography and Climate and Tropical Glaciers through direct field experience and research activities, readings, discussions, and meetings with guest speakers. Field excursions to Machu Picchu and other locations in the Sacred Valley and an 8-day trek in the Cordillera Vilcanota (with strenuous ascents to over 17,000 ft) will provide an outstanding setting for the study of Andean human-environment interactions and the impacts of climate variability and change on tropical glaciers, ecosystems, and human populations. Program Leaders: Dr. Baker Perry, Mrs. Patience Perry, and Dr. Anton Seimon Interested? Contact Dr. Perry (perrylb@appstate.edu) to apply or for more information.perrylb@appstate.edu

3. Homework Exercise What are the arguments of the pro- Globalizers? What are the arguments of the pro- Globalizers? How do the critics of globalization respond? How do the critics of globalization respond? What is your position? What is your position?

4. Advocates of Globalization Enhances competition, allows capital to flow to poor areas, and encourages technological innovation Enhances competition, allows capital to flow to poor areas, and encourages technological innovation Promotes efficiency and enhances national productivity Promotes efficiency and enhances national productivity Economic convergence – world’s poorer countries will eventually catch up Economic convergence – world’s poorer countries will eventually catch up Rising tide lifts all boats Rising tide lifts all boats Even sweatshops are a good thing – provide jobs to those who otherwise would not Even sweatshops are a good thing – provide jobs to those who otherwise would not

5. Critics of Globalization Globalization is not a “natural” process (result of the Washington Consensus and neoliberal economic policies) Globalization is not a “natural” process (result of the Washington Consensus and neoliberal economic policies) Inequality continues to increase; trickle-down theory has yet to be validated Inequality continues to increase; trickle-down theory has yet to be validated Richest 20% consume 86% of global resourcesRichest 20% consume 86% of global resources Local, sustainable economies suffer as a result of the focus on free-market, export-oriented economies Local, sustainable economies suffer as a result of the focus on free-market, export-oriented economies Free-market economic model is not the one that Western countries used for their own economic development Free-market economic model is not the one that Western countries used for their own economic development

6. Dhaka, Bangladesh

10. A Middle Position? Globalization of anti-globalization Globalization of anti-globalization Importance of managing globalization Importance of managing globalization Strong, yet efficient governments Strong, yet efficient governments Dani Rodrik: Dani Rodrik: “The world market is a source of disruption and upheaval as much as it is an opportunity for profit and economic growth.”“The world market is a source of disruption and upheaval as much as it is an opportunity for profit and economic growth.”

11. What the World Eats http://www.time.com/time/photogallery/0,29307,1626519_1373664,00.html http://www.time.com/time/photogallery/0,29307,1626519_1373664,00.html http://www.time.com/time/photogallery/0,29307,1645016,00.html http://www.time.com/time/photogallery/0,29307,1645016,00.html

12. What is Geography? Study of spatial patterns and processes and human-environment interactions Study of spatial patterns and processes and human-environment interactions Five fundamental themes: Five fundamental themes: LocationLocation MovementMovement Place: cultural landscapePlace: cultural landscape Scales: global to localScales: global to local Human-environment interactionHuman-environment interaction

13. Setting the Boundaries – World Regions Figure 1.20

14. Themes and Issues in WRG o Setting the Boundaries o Physical (or Environmental) Geography o Population and Settlement o Cultural Coherence and Diversity o Geopolitical Framework o Economic and Social Development

15. Key Terms See p. 48 and be very familiar with the definitions and broader significance of these terms See p. 48 and be very familiar with the definitions and broader significance of these terms e.g., colonialism, demographic transition model, nation-state, purchasing power parity (PPP), total fertility rate (TFR) e.g., colonialism, demographic transition model, nation-state, purchasing power parity (PPP), total fertility rate (TFR)

16. Diversity Amid Globalization, 4th edition: Rowntree, Lewis, Price, and Wyckoff 16 Population and Settlement Figure 1.22

17. Population Growth and Change

18. Age–Sex Structure of Populations Figure 1.24

19. Group Exercise: Demographic Transition Model What is the Demographic Transition Model and how does it help us to understand the past and current demographic trends in the developed and developing world? What is the Demographic Transition Model and how does it help us to understand the past and current demographic trends in the developed and developing world?

20. The Demographic Transition

21. Figure 1.25

22. Diversity Amid Globalization, 4th edition: Rowntree, Lewis, Price, and Wyckoff 22 Population Movements Migration Migration VoluntaryVoluntary Forced (e.g., Refugees like those pictured in Figure 1.27 at right)Forced (e.g., Refugees like those pictured in Figure 1.27 at right) Push vs. Pull FactorsPush vs. Pull Factors Southern Sudan

23. Global Cities in the 21st Century Figure 1.28

24. Diversity Amid Globalization, 4th edition: Rowntree, Lewis, Price, and Wyckoff 24 Language … Figure 1.36 Figure 1.37 Dubai, UAE

25. Diversity Amid Globalization, 4th edition: Rowntree, Lewis, Price, and Wyckoff 25 … and Religion Figure 1.38

26. Diversity Amid Globalization, 4th edition: Rowntree, Lewis, Price, and Wyckoff 26 Geopolitical Framework Nations vs. States Ethnic Separatism – Centripetal vs. Centrifugal Forces Figure 1.42 Figure 1.43 Basques in Spain

27. Diversity Amid Globalization, 4th edition: Rowntree, Lewis, Price, and Wyckoff 27 The Colonial Imprint Figure 1.44

28. Wealth and Poverty Figure 1.44 2009 Global Recession Figure 1.45 Impoverished Brick Workers in India

29. Development: Economic and Social

30. Economic Development Figure 1.48 Figure 1.49

31. Social Development – Health and Education Figure 1.51 Figure 1.50 Receiving a polio vaccine in Jakarta Women and Literacy