1. ROME GHW.4.1 Explain the causes and conditions of worldwide voyages of exploration, discovery and conquest. Rome and the Roman Empire

2. ROME’S BEGINNING  753 BCE  Romulus & Remus  Twin sons of Mars and Latin Princess  Strategic Location & Fertile Soil  Center of Italy and Mediterranean  Latins- farmers & shepards  Greeks- along southern coast 750-600 BCE  Etruscans

3. EARLY REPUBLIC  Government where power rests with voters  Free born males in Rome  Patricians- Aristocrats, landowners, power  Plebeians- farmers, majority of Romans  Could vote but not hold political office  Elected Tribunes  Twelve Tables: written laws 451 BCE

4. ROMAN ARMY  All land owning citizens required to serve  10 years required to be in public office  Roman Legion- 5,000 infantry (80 men equaled century) supported by cavalry  By 265 BCE Rome defeated Etruscans & Greeks  Trade grew/ cause of war with Carthage

5. PUNIC WARS  264-146 BCE- 3 wars  1 st -23 years for Sicily- Rome  2 nd -Hannibal across Alps vs Scipio  3 rd - Sold all of Carthage into slavery

6. ROMAN EMPIRE  Gap between Rich and Poor  Tribunes: Tiberius & Gaius Gracchus  Violent deaths- civil war  Julius Caesar, Pompey, Crassus  Triumvirate in 59 BCE  Civil War vs. Pompey  Named dictator for life 44 BCE  Assassination- Civil War Octavian vs Mark Antony  Pax Romana

7. ROMAN LIFE  Favored boys/ girls married around 12  Higher status for wealthy  Women couldn’t hold jobs  Slaves- 1/3 of population  Used Greek gods

8. WHICH GROUP CONSISTS OF THE ARISTOCRATS? 1. Patricians 2. Plebeians 3. Palestinians

9. WHICH PAIR IS CONSIDERED THE FOUNDER OF ROME? 1. Mars and Latin Princess 2. Romulus and Remus

10. IN WHICH PUNIC WAR DID HANIBAL CROSS THE ALPS? 1. 1st 2. 2nd 3. 3rd

11. IN EARLY ROME, PLEBEIANS COULD HOLD PUBLIC OFFICE? 1. True 2. False

12. THE PAX ROMANA REFERS TO WHAT TIME? 1. Time of Roman Civil War 2. Time of the Triumvirate 3. Time of Roman Peace

13. WHICH LEADER BROUGHT ON THE PAX ROMANA? 1. Octavian 2. Julius Caesar 3. Marc Antony