1. Roman Republic/Empire

2. Advantage’s of Rome’s location? Peninsula Midpoint of Mediterranean Sea Vast rich farmland

3. In 509 B.C., Romans overthrew the Etruscan king (tyrant) Rome began as a city state with a monarch.

4. part of the official title of a king

5. Republic System of Government where the people have the power to work and choose leaders

7. All ___________ have the right to vote 2 executive consuls Poor/Slaves/ Newcomers Patrons Status and influence Land-owning Aristocracy Real power of important decisions Clients Strikes & Refusals To do duty Tribune of the people Peoples Citizen Farmers/ traders Hold public Office for Marry patricians Veto Laws made by senate 12 Stone Tablets in forum

8. What is the Significance of the Twelve Tables? The Foundation of Roman Law Settled dispute between Patricians and Plebeians The Earliest Surviving piece of Literature coming from the Romans. Held the Society together

11. Punic Wars

12. 1 st War: Rome wins and gains Sicily 2 nd War: Hanibal crosses the Alps and invades Italy. He does much damage but is unable to take Rome 3 rd War: Roman Politicians convince the Roman military to attack Carthage. - Carthage is destroyed - The people are killed or sold into slavery -- Romans pour salt on the fields to make them barren

13. Republic Collapses Rome’s victory in Carthage brought conflict between the rich and poor in Rome (Civil War) Triumvirate (three leaders) formed. Civil War between three leaders Generals are popular with discontented (unhappy) citizens Julius Caesar made reforms and increased his popularity

14. Republic Collapses Julius Caesar wins civil war and becomes absolute ruler Members fear that he is becoming to powerful, kill him Augustus, Caesar’s nephew take over power

15. Octavian Augustus Pax Romana - Roman Peace

16. - Bible - Old Testament - New Testament - Golden Rule - Morality (right & wrong) - 10 Commandments - Dietary Laws (fasting, no meat on Friday) - Roman Emperor Constantine converts - Eventually all Roman citizens become Christians - Jesus = Savior/Messiah - Baptism - Monotheistic - Resurrection - Holly Trinity (Father, son, holy spirit) - Heaven - Spiritual Morality - Jesus -12 Apostles/ Disciples -Priests/Bishops/Pope - Peter, Paul - Constantine

18. Downfall of the Empire: Decline of Rome Oppressive gov’t loss or pop support No way to choose next emperor Strongest general became emperor Gladiators Mercenaries- Army full of hired soldiers with divided loyalties Invasions Heavy taxes high unemployment gap between rich and poor Are selfish & lazy Low morals Patriotism is down