1. By: Susan M. Pojer Horace Greeley H.S. Chappaqua, NY

2. The Geography of Rome

4. Italy in 750 BCE

5. Influence of the Etruscans  Writing  Religion  The Arch

6. The Mythical Founding of Rome: Romulus & Remus

8. Republican Government 2 Consuls (Rulers of Rome) Senate (Representative body for patricians) Tribal Assembly (Representative body for plebeians)

9. The Twelve Tables, 450 BCE  Providing political and social rights for the plebeians.

10. The Roman Forum

11. Rome’s Early Road System

12. Roman Roads: The Appian Way

13. Roman Aqueducts

14. The Roman Colosseum

15. The Colosseum Interior

16. Circus Maximus

17. Carthaginian Empire

18. Hannibal’s Route

19. Reform Leaders  Tiberius and Gaius Gracchus the poor should be given grain and small plots of free land. Military Reformer  Gaius Marius recruited an army from the poor and homeless. professional standing army.

20. PompeyPompey Civil War & Dictators Julius Caesar

21. Crossing the Rubicon, 49 BC The Die is Cast!

22. The First Triumvirate  Julius Caesar  Marcus Licinius Crassus  Gaius Magnus Pompey

23. Beware the Ides of March! 44 BCE

24. The Second Triumvirate  Octavian Augustus  Marc Antony  Marcus Lepidus

26. Octavian Augustus: Rome’s First Emperor

27. The First Roman Dynasty

28. Pax Romana : 27 BCE – 180 CE

29. The Greatest Extent of the Roman Empire – 14 CE

30. The Rise of Christianity

31. 63 BC – Rome controls Judea –Self-govern –Jewish kings ruled as Reps of Rome 6 AD – Rome made Judea a Providence Jews are divided 1.Zealots – wanted to rid Judea of Romans 2.Messiah – biblical tradition-God would send messiah to restore Kingdom of Jews

32. SPREAD OF CHRISTIANITY Peter, Paul, and James Leaders of movement Traveled and spoke all over the world –Jesus was son of God and died for our sins Paul –Never saw Jesus, had vision –Traveled around Mediterranean to Mesopotamia to Rome

33. St. Paul: Apostle to the Gentiles

34. The Spread of Christianity

35. TRIUMPH 313 AD Edict of Milan –Roman Empire would not persecute any religion Constantine –393 AD – Christianity religion of Rome

36. MARCUS AURELIUS Last Good Emperor

37. Imperial Roman Road System

38. DECLINE OF ROME 180 AD – Death of Marcus Aurelius –Last good Emperor –Ended Pax Romana and Golden Age Struggles for Power –50 Emperors in 26 years –One died of natural death –Overthrown or assassinated

39. The Empire in Crisis: 3c

40. DIOCLETION 284 AD - Restored order –Recruited soldiers/expanded army –Hired mercenaries and foreign armies –Fixed prices to stop inflation –Forced farmers to stay on land

41. ECONOMIC/SOCIAL PROBLEMS High taxes to support Army –Put heavy burden on businesses and small farmers Farmland over cultivated –Farmers would leave land Christianity rising

42. DIVISION OF ROME Eastern – Diocletian –Greek speaking –Wealthy and prospering –Byzantium is capital Western – Co-Emperors –Latin speaking –In major decline

43. Diocletian Splits the Empire in Two: 294 CE

44. Constantine: 312 - 337

45. CONSTANTINE 324 AD – Gained control of both Roman Empires Built Constantinople (Byzantium) –Moved capital to Constantinople Power shifting to East After Death –World divided again

46. Constantinople: “The 2 nd Rome” (Founded in 330)

47. Barbarian Invasions: 4c-5c

48. Attila the Hun: “The Scourge of God”

49. Byzantium: The Eastern Roman Empire

50. The Byzantine Empire During the Reign of Justinian

51. The Byzantine Emperor Justinian

52. The Legacy of Rome  Republic Government  Roman Law  Latin Language  Roman Catholic Church  City Planning  Romanesque Architectural Style  Roman Engineering Aqueducts Aqueducts Sewage systems Sewage systems Dams Dams Cement Cement Arch Arch