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The Legacy of Rome The Romans Chapter 10 Case study.

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1 The Legacy of Rome The Romans Chapter 10 Case study

2 Source: ‘Benevento-Arch of Trajan from South’ by Decan. Licensed under Creative Commons Attribution-Share Alike 3.0-2.5-2.0-1.0 via Wikimedia Commons: http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Benevento-Arch_of_Trajan_from_South.jpg#mediaviewer/File:Benevento-Arch_of_Trajan_from_South.jpg Imperial titles on Trajan’s Arch at Benevento (AD 114-117 )

3 The legacy of onomastics (words in brackets are the titles from Trajan’s dedication) (IMP) Imperator: Emperor (CAESAR) Caesar: Czar, Kaiser, Caesar’s Palace in Las Vegas, etc. (Pontif Max) Pontifex Maximus: still ascribed to the Pope today (Principi) Princeps: inspiration for Machiavelli’s ‘Prince’ and many others (P P) Pater Patriae: not Augustus’ invention, it should be noted (SPQR) Senatus Populusque Romani: the Senate and people of Rome

4 A 1672 bronze farthing from the reign of Charles II depicting a seated Britannia with a shield and trident Sesterce of Antoninus Pius, AD 138-160, depicting Britannia with a shield and trident Mythological figures and patriotism: Britannia A 1997 fifty-pence piece with seated Britannia with shield and trident

5 Pater patriae: other founding fathers Sources: ‘Scene at the Signing of the Constitution of the United States’ by Howard Chandler Christy, licensed under public domain via Wikimedia Commons. Portrait of Gandhi: http://flickr.com/photos/55638925@N00/255569844/. ‘Ataturk and the Flag of Turkey’: http://www.istanbul.edu.tr/genel/idari/basinhalk/albumler/kitapcik_HTML/http://flickr.com/photos/55638925@N00/255569844/www.istanbul.edu.tr/genel/idari/basinhalk/albumler/kitapcik_HTML/ America’s founding fathers (below), Gandhi (right), known as ‘father of the nation’, and Mustafa Atatürk, ‘father of the Turks’

6 The Senate and the people of Rome live on Source: By G. Dallorto via Wikimedia Commons. Mosaic floor depicting the Capitoline Wolf, Gallerie Vittorio Emmanuele II, Milan ‘Manhole SPQR’. Licensed under Creative Commons Attribution-Share Alike 3.0 via Wikimedia Commons A modern manhole cover in Rome

7 Imperator Romanorum, Imperator Augustus Reintroduced silver coinage (livre) Unified a wide empire: Pater Europae Charlemagne, AD 742-814 Source: ‘Frankish Empire 481 to 814-en’ by Sémhur from Image:Frankish empire.jpg, File:Growth of Frankish Power, 481-814.jpg, from the Historical Atlas by William R. Shepherd (New York: Henry Holt and Company, 1911).

8 Pope Sixtus IV in Rome, 1471-1484 ‘I found a city of mud and left it a city of brick’ Nepotism Restored the Aqua Vergina Built streets and bridges: Via Florea and Ponte Sisto Restored and built churches Refounded the Vatican library and donated ancient sculptures to the Capitoline Collection First reorganization of the Julian calendar Source: Photo by Jensens, public domain, via Wikimedia Commons.

9 Empereur des Français Napoleonic Code Wide foreign policy Titles Imagery and architecture The metric system Napoleon Bonaparte, 1769-1821

10 Napoleon Bonaparte 1769-1821 Napoleon wearing the corona civica on his deathbed (left). His Roman-style tomb altar (right). Relief of Napoleon from the US House of Representatives (below). Napoleon’s triumphal arches at Etoile and in front of the Louvre, Paris Source: http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Napoleon.

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