1. The Role of the United Nations in Citizenship Education: Building a Culture of Peace Since wars begin in the minds of men, it is in the minds of men than defences of peace must be constructed " Constitution of UNESCO, 1945

2. The Culture of Peace is a set of values, attitudes, modes of behaviour and ways of life that reject violence and prevent conflicts by tackling their root causes to solve problems through dialogue and negotiation among individuals, groups and nations (UN Resolutions A/RES/52/13: Culture of Peace, and A/RES/53/243, Declaration and Programme of Action on a Culture of Peace).A/RES/52/13A/RES/53/243

3. The Culture of Peace is a set of values, attitudes, modes of behaviour and ways of life that reject violence and prevent conflicts by tackling their root causes to solve problems through dialogue and negotiation among individuals, groups and nations (UN Resolutions A/RES/52/13: Culture of Peace, and A/RES/53/243, Declaration and Programme of Action on a Culture of Peace).A/RES/52/13A/RES/53/243

4. For peace and non-violence to prevail, we need to: foster a culture of peace through education by: promoting sustainable economic and social development promoting respect for all human rights ensuring equality between women and men fostering democratic participation advancing understanding, tolerance and solidarity to abolish war and violent conflicts supporting participatory communication and the free flow of information and knowledge promoting international peace and security

5. We can foster a culture of peace through education by revising the educational curricula to promote qualitative values, attitudes and behaviours of a culture of peace, including peaceful conflict- resolution, dialogue, consensus-building and active non-violence.

6. Peaceful Schools International League of Peaceful Schools Schools for Peace

7. We can foster a culture of peace through education by revising the educational curricula to promote qualitative values, attitudes and behaviours of a culture of peace, including peaceful conflict-resolution, dialogue, consensus-building and active non-violence. Non-violence in schools: http://unesdoc.unesco.org/images/0012/001266/126679e.pdf

8. We can foster a culture of peace through education by revising the educational curricula to promote qualitative values, attitudes and behaviours of a culture of peace, including peaceful conflict- resolution, dialogue, consensus-building and active non-violence. Cultural and Linguistic Diversity

9. promote sustainable economic and social development by reducing economic and social inequalities, by eradicating poverty and by assuring sustainable food security, social justice, durable solutions to debt problems, empowerment of women, special measures for groups with special needs, environmental sustainability, and combating the new forms of discrimination Example: Teaching and Learning for a Sustainable Future

11. promote respect for all human rights: Declaration and Integrated Framework of Action on Education for Peace, Human Rights and Democracy: http://www.unesco.org/human_rights/hrff.htm Recommendation 74: http://www.unesco.org/education/nfsunesco/pdf/Peace_e.pdf http://www.unesco.org/education/nfsunesco/pdf/Peace_e.pdf

12. ensure equality between women and men through full participation of women in economic, social and political decision- making, elimination of all forms of discrimination and violence against women, support and assistance to women in need,…

13. ensure equality between women and men through the elimination of all forms of discrimination against women… Convention on the Elimination of all Forms of Discrimination Against Women - CEDAW (1981) Convention on the Elimination of all Forms of Discrimination Against Women - CEDAW (1981) and its Optional Protocol (2000),Optional Protocol Beijing Platform for Action Beijing Platform for Action (1995), United Nations Millennium Development goal of promoting gender equality and the empowerment of women United Nations Millennium Development goal of promoting gender equality and the empowerment of women (2000).

14. ensure equality between women and men: Women and a Culture of Peace Programme http://www.unesco.org/cpp/uk/projects/wcpinfo.htm

15. foster democratic participation: indispensable foundations for the achievement and maintenance of peace and security are democratic principles, practices and participation in all sectors of society, a transparent and accountable governance and administration, the combat against terrorism, organized crime, corruption, illicit drugs and money laundering…

16. advance understanding, tolerance and solidarity to abolish war and violent conflicts We need to transcend and overcome enemy images with understanding, tolerance and solidarity among all peoples and cultures. Learning from our differences, through dialogue and the exchange of information, is an enriching process.

17. advance understanding, tolerance and solidarity to abolish war and violent conflicts The UNESCO Tolerance Programme http://www.unesco.org/tolerance/

18. advance understanding, tolerance and solidarity to abolish war and violent conflicts The Fight Against Racism, Discrimination and Xenophobia http://portal.unesco.org/shs/en/ev.php@URL_ID=1376&URL_DO =DO_TOPIC&URL_SECTION=201.html

19. support participatory communication and the free flow of information and knowledge: freedom of information and communication and the sharing of information and knowledge are indispensable for a culture of peace. However, measures need to be taken to address the issue of violence in the media, including new information and communication technologies

20. promote international peace and security: the gains in human security and disarmament in recent years, including nuclear weapons treaties and the treaty banning land mines, should encourage us to increase our efforts in negotiation of peaceful settlements, elimination of production and traffic of arms and weapons, humanitarian solutions in conflict situations, post-conflict initiatives. International Year of Freshwater 2003

21. promote international peace and security: the gains in human security and disarmament in recent years, including nuclear weapons treaties and the treaty banning land mines, should encourage us to increase our efforts in negotiation of peaceful settlements, elimination of production and traffic of arms and weapons, humanitarian solutions in conflict situations, post-conflict initiatives. Ethics

22. promote international peace and security: the gains in human security and disarmament in recent years, including nuclear weapons treaties and the treaty banning land mines, should encourage us to increase our efforts in negotiation of peaceful settlements, elimination of production and traffic of arms and weapons, humanitarian solutions in conflict situations, post-conflict initiatives. Education in Emergency, Crisis and Reconstruction

23. promote international peace and security: the gains in human security and disarmament in recent years, including nuclear weapons treaties and the treaty banning land mines, should encourage us to increase our efforts in negotiation of peaceful settlements, elimination of production and traffic of arms and weapons, humanitarian solutions in conflict situations, post-conflict initiatives. Education in Emergency, Crisis and Reconstruction

24. promote international peace and security: the gains in human security and disarmament in recent years, including nuclear weapons treaties and the treaty banning land mines, should encourage us to increase our efforts in negotiation of peaceful settlements, elimination of production and traffic of arms and weapons, humanitarian solutions in conflict situations, post-conflict initiatives. Human Security Forum: http://www.unesco.org/securipax/http://www.unesco.org/securipax/

25. The Manifesto can flow as a spider web of peaceful relationsManifesto How to Make a Culture of Peace…

26. UNESCOUNESCO can make a difference, with your help!

27. Thank You!