1. Agenda Do Now “The Union Takes Hold” Notes
Crash Course: Reconstruction Video
Homework:
Ch. 4 Vocabulary Quiz on Friday
Read Chapter 4 Section 4 “Reconstruction and Its Effects” (pgs. 184 – 189) and Outline the section

2. DO NOW:
Do you think the United States should have a system of conscription or a draft for dire circumstances? Why or why not?

3. The Union Takes Hold
September 29, 2014
Ms. Costas

4. Emancipation Proclamation
Confederacy struggles to gain foreign recognition
Lincoln does not feel he has Constitutional power to abolish slavery
He finds a way to use his powers to abolish slavery
Orders the Union army to take Confederate supplies
Orders Union army to emancipate slaves
Used as a weapon of war
Lincoln issues the Emancipation Proclamation on January 1, 1863
Now gives the war a moral purpose
Recognizes negotiation is no longer possible

5. from THE EMANCIPATION PROCLIMATION - Abraham Lincoln
“I do order and declare that all persons held as slaves within these said designated States and parts of States are, and henceforward shall be free; and that the Executive Government of the United States, including the military and naval authorities thereof, will recognize and maintain the freedom of said persons. And I hereby enjoin upon the people so declared to be free to abstain from all violence, unless in necessary self-defense; and I recommend to them, that in all cases, when allowed, they labor faithfully for reasonable wages. And I further declare and make known that such persons of suitable condition will be received into the armed service of the United States to garrison forts, positions, stations, and other places, and to man vessels of all sorts in said service. And, upon this, sincerely believed to be an act of justice, warranted by the Constitution, upon military necessity, I invoke the considerate judgment of mankind and the gracious favor of Almighty God.”

6. America During Wartime
Large numbers of casualties led to conscription
Caused draft riots and violence
African-Americans could fight in the Union army
Made up 10% vs. 1% of the population
Suffered discrimination
War was not glamorous
Poor conditions, unhealthy diet, improper medical care
Women’s roles increase
Economy is impacted
Expands northern economy
Shatters southern economy
Leads to first collection of income tax

7. The Battle of Gettysburg
Lee’s army pushed north into Pennsylvania
Needed supplies
Began on July 1, 1863
Lee led Confederates (75,000)
Buford led Union (90,000)
Lee hopes to gain recognition from foreign powers
Union holds off Confederacy
Lee retreats to Virginia
Confederate defeat changes the tide of the war

9. THE GETTYSBURG ADDRESS – Abraham Lincoln
“Four score and seven years ago our fathers brought forth on this continent a new nation, conceived in Liberty and dedication to the proposition that all men are created equal. Now we are engaged in a great civil war, testing whether that nation, or any nation so conceived and so dedicated, can long endure. We are met on a great battle-field of that war. We have come to dedicate a portion of that field, as a final resting-place for those who here gave their lives and that that nation might live. It is altogether fitting and proper that we should do this. But, in larger sense, we can not dedicate – we can not consecrate – we can not hallow – this ground. The brave men, living and dead, who struggled here, have consecrated it, far above our poor power to add or detract. The world will little note, nor long remember what we say here, but it can never forget what they did here. It is for us the living, rather, to be dedicated here to the unfinished work which they who fought here have thus far so nobly advanced. It is rather for us to be here dedicated to the great task remaining before us – that from these honored dead we take increased devotion to that cause for which they gave the last full measure of devotion – that we were highly resolve that these dead shall not have died in vain – that this nation, under God, shall have a new birth of freedom – and that government of the people, by the people, for the people, shall not perish from the earth.”

10. Battle of Vicksburg Important territory Union led by Ulysses S. Grant
Allowed Confederates to control water traffic on the Mississippi
Union led by Ulysses S. Grant
He had been trying to take Vicksburg for months
In 18 days the Union had sacked the capital
Confederacy was short on resources
Surrendered on July 4th

11. The Confederacy Wears Down
Confederacy is short on supplies and manpower
Lincoln appoints has two able generals
Ulysses S. Grant
William T. Sherman
Belief in total war
Sherman’s march through Georgia
Goal was to convince southerners to demand surrender
Lincoln reelected in 1864
Confederates surrender at Appomattox Court House
Grant and Lee come to an agreement
Lincoln allows for fair treatment of the Confederate troops

14. The War’s Impact on the Nation
War has tremendous political, economic, technological, and social affects
Transforms power of the government
Gives federal government more power to pass laws and collect taxes
Widens the economic gap between north and south
Northern economy booms (industrial)
Southern economy crashes (agricultural)
Many technological improvements
Weaponry
Rifle and Minie ball
Hand grenades and land mines
Ironclad ships
Railroads
Telegraph

15. Weaponry

16. Ironclad Ships

17. Railroads

18. Telegraph

19. The War’s Impact on Society
Emancipation Proclamation
Frees slaves in the Confederacy
What to do about border states
Lincoln passes Thirteenth Amendment
“Neither slavery nor involuntary servitude, except as a punishment for crime whereof the party shall have been duly convicted, shall exist within the United States”
Lincoln is assassinated
Shot on April 14, 1865 at Ford’s Theater
John Wilkes Booth

20. Where the Nation Stands…
War is over
Slavery abolished
Secession no longer a threat
Two major problems
How to restore southern states
Physically a mess
Economy destroyed
How to integrate 4 million African Americans
Rights protected under the Constitution
Jobs?