1. Do Now: Predict what will next in the French Revolution
The Reign of Terror
Do Now:
Predict what will next in the French Revolution

2. The Reign of Terror

3. I. Monarchy Abolished A. The French Republic - National Convention
1. Suffrage to all male citizens
2. Voted to abolish monarchy
3. Declared France a republic
Jacobins – Radical extreme left group that wants the end of the Monarchy
Three Leaders- Robperrie, Danton, Marat.

4. I. Monarchy Abolished B. Death of the King and Queen
1. Louis XVI put on trial as a traitor
2. January 21, King is beheaded
Why Kill the King? End one Regime and start a new. So that they old government can not come back in power. Ie Saddam Hussein.

5. II. The Convention Defends the Republic
Problems:
1. Country at war at all sides with Europe
2. Vendee Region - priest led peasant rebellion against the government
3. Sans-Culottes demanded relief from food shortages and inflation
Counter Revolution – A revolution that wants to abolish the government that is in power because of a revolution. Ie – Insurgents.

6. Sans-culottes

7. Sans-culottes depicted by a British Cartoonist

8. The Republic Defended
Committees were set up to organize the wartime effort
Committee of Public Safety – created to carry out the duties of government
Main task was to save the revolution at home and abroad
They would later have totalitarian powers
Georges Danton

9. II. The Convention Defends the Republic
B. Committee of Public Safety
1. 12 member committee almost had absolute power
2. Prepared France for all out war between rebels in the country and Europe
Counter Revolution – A revolution to revolt against the government that was installed by a revolution.
Marie Antoinette was the first victim of the reign of terror.

10. Marie Antoinette of to trial.

12. II. The Convention Defends the Republic
C. Robespierre
1. Leader of the Committee of Public Safety
2. “The Incorruptible”
3. “Terror is only justice prompt, severe and inflexible”
4. “Liberty cannot be secured unless criminals lose their heads.”

13. Maximilien Robespierre

14. New Name
Meaning
Time Period
Vendemaire
Vintage
September 22 – October 21
Brumaire
Fog
October 22 – November 20
Frimaire
Frost
November 21 – December 20
Nivose
Snow
December 21 – January 19
Pluviose
Rain
January 20 – February 18
Ventose
Wind
February 19 – March 20
Germinal
Budding
March 21 – April 19
Floreal
Flowers
April 20 – May 19
Prairial
Meadow
May 20 – June 18
Messidor
Harvest
June 19 – July 18
Thermidor
Heat
July 19 – August 17
Fructidor
Fruit
August 18 – September 21

15. Festival of the Supreme Being

16. II. The Convention Defends the Republic
D. The Reign of Terror
1. 40,000 people were killed
2. Guillotine became a symbol of horror
3. Reign of Terror consumed its own - July 1794 Robespierre was arrested and executed

17. III. Reaction and the Directory
1. Moderates gain control
2. Constitution of 1795
a. set up a 5 man Directory and a 2 house legislature
b. held power from

18. III. Reaction and the Directory
B. Problems with the Directory
1. Dictatorial
2. War with Austria and Great Britain
3. Corruption
4. Renewed revival of royalist feelings

19. The Arrest of Robespierre

21. The Fall of Robespierre
Replaced the worship of “Reason” with the “Cult of the Supreme Being”
Based on Rousseau’s vision of morality and civic religion
When more suspicions were proclaimed by Robespierre the Convention began to shout back
July 17 – 9th of Thermidor – Robespierre was arrested – and executed

22. End of the Terror
Winter of 1794 Robespierre began to attack the enrages – extreme Sans-culottes
Robespierre also turned against other republicans in the Convention – Jacques Danton
Robespierre accused these men of profiting from the revolution and disloyalty to moral virtue
All threatened his position
Law of 22 Prairial – tribunal can convict subjects without substantial evidence

23. IV. Results of the Revolution
Social Reform
1. Abolished slavery
2. Religious toleration
3. Social systems that helped veterans, poor, and widows
Nationalism
Pride in one’s country
La Marseillaise - national anthem