1. 1
John Locke’s idea that people must give their consent to be governed is the basis for the right to
Vote for a representative government
Bear arms
Support their government under any circumstances
Pledge loyalty to their monarch

2. John Locke’s idea that people must give their consent to be governed is the basis for the right to
Vote for a representative government
Bear arms
Support their government under any circumstances
Pledge loyalty to their monarch

3. 2
The ideas of “unalienable rights” and the people’s right to “alter or abolish” a government are most closely associated with which Enlightenment thinker
Voltaire
Benjamin Franklin
John Locke
Jean Jacques Rousseau

4. 1. The ideas of “unalienable rights” and the people’s right to “alter or abolish” a government are most closely associated with which Enlightenment thinker
Voltaire
Benjamin Franklin
John Locke
Jean Jacques Rousseau

5. 3 In Thomas Jefferson’s view, people were best governed by A king
A system of laws
A powerful President
Their religious beliefs

6. In Thomas Jefferson’s view, people were best governed by
A king
A system of laws
A powerful President
Their religious beliefs

7. 4
What effect did the Enlightenment have on political thought in the colonies
Colonial leaders began extending voting rights to all citizens
The First Continental Congress determined a need for a federal bill of rights
Colonial leaders began advocating the adoption of a state-supported church
Colonists began to question the authority of the British monarchy

8. What effect did the Enlightenment have on political thought in the colonies
Colonial leaders began extending voting rights to all citizens
The First Continental Congress determined a need for a federal bill of rights
Colonial leaders began advocating the adoption of a state-supported church
Colonists began to question the authority of the British monarchy

9. What effect did the Enlightenment have on political thought in the colonies
Colonial leaders began extending voting rights to all citizens
The First Continental Congress determined a need for a federal bill of rights
Colonial leaders began advocating the adoption of a state-supported church
Colonists began to question the authority of the British monarchy

10. 5
The Declaration of Independence elaborates on the Enlightenment idea of:
natural rights
collective ownership
religious freedom
political equality

11. The Declaration of Independence elaborates on the Enlightenment idea of:
natural rights
collective ownership
religious freedom
political equality

12. Quote

13. 7 The Bill of Rights was added to the US Constitution to
To protect personal liberties
Make the Constitution flexible
Make all citizens equal under the law

14. The Bill of Rights was added to the US Constitution to
To protect personal liberties
Make the Constitution flexible
Make all citizens equal under the law

15. 8 The Constitution limits the power of the federal government by
Requiring the executive branch to include two elected officials
Allowing states to have the power to negotiate foreign affairs
Giving both large states and small states equal representation
Ensuring checks and balances for the three branches of government

16. The Constitution limits the power of the federal government by
Requiring the executive branch to include two elected officials
Allowing states to have the power to negotiate foreign affairs
Giving both large states and small states equal representation
Ensuring checks and balances for the three branches of government

17. graph

18. 10 Which laws are the supreme law of the land State laws
Executive orders
Federal laws
The Constitution

19. Key decisions of the Supreme Court under the leadership of John Marshall solidified the power of the court to
a. try cases between states
b. accept appeals from lower federal courts
c. try cases involving foreign diplomats
d. review the constitutionality of state and federal laws

20. 11
Key decisions of the Supreme Court under the leadership of John Marshall solidified the power of the court to
a. try cases between states
b. accept appeals from lower federal courts
c. try cases involving foreign diplomats
d. review the constitutionality of state and federal laws

21. Key decisions of the Supreme Court under the leadership of John Marshall solidified the power of the court to
a. try cases between states
b. accept appeals from lower federal courts
c. try cases involving foreign diplomats
d. review the constitutionality of state and federal laws

22. 12 Which statement describes an effect of the Civil War?
Southern industry rapidly caught up up to industry in the North
Industry in the South began to produce a surplus of goods
Industry in the North grew because of the demands of the war
Industry shifted to the West because of the dangers of war

23. Which statement describes an effect of the Civil War?
Southern industry rapidly caught up to industry in the North
Industry in the South began to produce a surplus of goods
Industry in the North grew because of the demands of the war
Industry shifted to the West because of the dangers of war

24. 12 As a result of the Civil War, the Northern economy
Experienced little change
Saw industrial profits fall
Expanded and emerged more prosperous that ever
Suffered from shortages of unskilled labor

25. As a result of the Civil War, the Northern economy
Experienced little change
Saw industrial profits fall
Expanded and emerged more prosperous that ever
Suffered from shortages of unskilled labor

26. 14
Which of the following was an effect of the publication of Upton Sinclair’s The Jungle (1906)
It aided the growth of federal social services
It contributed to the development of settlement houses
It influenced the passage of the Meat Inspection Act
It led to the development of child labor laws

27. 14
Which of the following was an effect of the publication of Upton Sinclair’s The Jungle (1906)
It aided the growth of federal social services
It contributed to the development of settlement houses
It influenced the passage of the Meat Inspection Act
It led to the development of child labor laws

28. 15 In the late 1800s, factories were generally
Dangerous and difficult places to work
Employing men almost exclusively
Paying a living wage and offering benefits
Staffed by fewer workers than the average farm

29. In the late 1800s, factories were generally
Dangerous and difficult places to work
Employing men almost exclusively
Paying a living wage and offering benefits
Staffed by fewer workers than the average farm

30. 16
Which factor most limited the growth of labor unions during the late 1800s
Many factory workers were satisfied with their wages and working conditions
Most employers were very hostile
Workers preferred to negotiate with factory owners as individuals rather than members of a group
The Federal Government declared that unions were illegal

31. Which factor most limited the growth of labor unions during the late 1800s
Many factory workers were satisfied with their wages and working conditions
Most employers were very hostile
Workers preferred to negotiate with factory owners as individuals rather than members of a group
The Federal Government declared that unions were illegal

32. 17
During the period from 1880 to 1920, the majority of immigrants to the US settled mainly in urban areas in the North mainly because
Most immigrants had lived in cities in the native countries
Labor unions gave financial help to immigrants willing to work in the factories
Rapid industrialization had created many job opportunities
The Populist Party was successful in preventing immigrants from buying farmland

33. During the period from 1880 to 1920, the majority of immigrants to the US settled mainly in urban areas in the North mainly because
Most immigrants had lived in cities in the native countries
Labor unions gave financial help to immigrants willing to work in the factories
Rapid industrialization had created many job opportunities
The Populist Party was successful in preventing immigrants from buying farmland

34. 18
Which best describes the Irish immigrants who were persecuted in the cities during the 1800s
Most refused to work in factories
Most were wealthy
Their religious background varied widely
Most were Catholic

35. Which best describes the Irish immigrants who were persecuted in the cities during the 1800s
Most refused to work in factories
Most were wealthy
Their religious background varied widely
Most were Catholic

36. 19
The Industrial Revolution encouraged more Americans to settle in what region of the US
In the Northeast and Midwest
On the Great Plains
On the East and West coasts
on the Southeast and Southwest

37. The Industrial Revolution encouraged more Americans to settle in what region of the US
In the Northeast and Midwest
On the Great Plains
On the East and West coasts
on the Southeast and Southwest

38. 20
In the late 19th century, anti-immigration feelings developed in the US primarily because
Immigrants competed with native-born Americans for jobs
Immigrants were seeking elective office in the National Government
The government’s social welfare programs for immigrants were becoming too expensive
Most immigrants were richer and better educated than native-born citizens

39. In the late 19th century, anti-immigration feelings developed in the US primarily because
Immigrants competed with native-born Americans for jobs
Immigrants were seeking elective office in the National Government
The government’s social welfare programs for immigrants were becoming too expensive
Most immigrants were richer and better educated than native-born citizens

40. 21
“There are too many foreigners and undesirables coming into the US. Let’s pull up the ladder” This statement best illustrates the concept of
Reverse discrimination
Populism
Nativism
Social mobility

41. “There are too many foreigners and undesirables coming into the US
“There are too many foreigners and undesirables coming into the US. Let’s pull up the ladder” This statement best illustrates the concept of
Reverse discrimination
Populism
Nativism
Social mobility

42. 22 An experience of the majority of immigrants to the US was that they
Were rapidly assimilated into the predominant lifestyle
Joined radical political parties to bring about economic reform
Frequently met resentment
Settled in rural areas where cheap land was available

43. An experience of the majority of immigrants to the US was that they
Were rapidly assimilated into the predominant lifestyle
Joined radical political parties to bring about economic reform
Frequently met resentment
Settled in rural areas where cheap land was available

44. 23
The Americanization movement of the early twentieth century sought to
Assimilate ethnic immigrant groups into the dominant culture
Restrict the military involvement of the United States in foreign conflicts
Diminish the role of the government in the regulation of industry
Protect domestic businesses from foreign competition

45. The Americanization movement of the early twentieth century sought to
Assimilate ethnic immigrant groups into the dominant culture
Restrict the military involvement of the United States in foreign conflicts
Diminish the role of the government in the regulation of industry
Protect domestic businesses from foreign competition

46. 24 In many US cities in the 1800s, political machines
Controlled activities of political parties
Pushed for reform in selecting judges
Helped ensure free and fair elections
Were headed by officials elected by the voters

47. In many US cities in the 1800s, political machines
Controlled activities of political parties
Pushed for reform in selecting judges
Helped ensure free and fair elections
Were headed by officials elected by the voters

48. 26
During the late 19th and early 20th centuries, urban immigrants generally supported local political machines that
Discouraged the new immigrants from participating in civic affairs
Were usually supported by urban reformers
Provided essential services to the immigrants
Reminded immigrants of political practices of their homelands

49. During the late 19th and early 20th centuries, urban immigrants generally supported local political machines that
Discouraged the new immigrants from participating in civic affairs
Were usually supported by urban reformers
Provided essential services to the immigrants
Reminded immigrants of political practices of their homelands

50. 27
The muckraking journalists associated with the Progressive Era were known primarily for their
Willingness to expose the corruption of US society
Articles supporting the economic benefits of laissez-faire economics
Use of the media to advocate the passage of the Equal Right Amendment
Support for the formation of US military alliances with European countries

51. The muckraking journalists associated with the Progressive Era were known primarily for their
Willingness to expose the corruption of US society
Articles supporting the economic benefits of laissez-faire economics
Use of the media to advocate the passage of the Equal Right Amendment
Support for the formation of US military alliances with European countries

52. 28 One effect of monopolies on the US economy is that they tend to
reduce business competition
keep prices low
lead to a greater variety in the price and quality for a particular product
give consumers a greater choice in goods they can produce

53. One effect of monopolies on the US economy is that they tend to
reduce business competition
keep prices low
lead to a greater variety in the price and quality for a particular product
give consumers a greater choice in goods they can produce

54. 29
Which term best describes US economic policy during the era of the rise of big business( )?
Welfare-state capitalism
Marxism
Laissez-faire capitalism
Merchantilism

55. Which term best describes US economic policy during the era of the rise of big business(1865-1900)?
Welfare-state capitalism
Marxism
Laissez-faire capitalism
Merchantilism

56. 30
Ford’s production of the Model T demonstrated the economic relationship between the specialization of labor and
reduced demand for labor
greater efficiencies in production
higher production costs
decline of labor unions

57. Ford’s production of the Model T demonstrated the economic relationship between the specialization of labor and
reduced demand for labor
greater efficiencies in production
higher production costs
decline of labor unions

58. Manufacturing became an important part of the Northern economy because
there were too few rivers to run water-powered factories
the shorter growing season limited the crops farmers could produce
there were not enough cities where farmers could ship their crops
the climate was too arid for crop production

59. Manufacturing became an important part of the Northern economy because
there were too few rivers to run water-powered factories
the shorter growing season limited the crops farmers could produce
there were not enough cities where farmers could ship their crops
the climate was too arid for crop production

60. 32
US industry needed international trade during the late 1800s and early 1900s in order to
obtain spare parts for railroad cars and steamships
keep the US on the gold standard
provide American consumers with a choice of products
obtain raw materials and new markets to sell more goods

61. US industry needed international trade during the late 1800s and early 1900s in order to
obtain spare parts for railroad cars and steamships
keep the US on the gold standard
provide American consumers with a choice of products
obtain raw materials and new markets to sell more goods

62. 33
During the late 19th and early 20th centuries the US government attempted to facilitate the growth of domestic industry by
placing high tariff barriers on foreign imports
encouraging the growth of labor unions
repealing the Sherman Antitrust Act
providing subsidies to small businesses

63. During the late 19th and early 20th centuries the US government attempted to facilitate the growth of domestic industry by
placing high tariff barriers on foreign imports
encouraging the growth of labor unions
repealing the Sherman Antitrust Act
providing subsidies to small businesses

64. 34
Social Darwinism explained the success of industrial tycoons by saying that these business leaders
had overcome and eliminated weaker competitors
had been born into wealthy or privileged families
had succeeded by way of government regulation
supported labor reform and other progressive reforms

65. Social Darwinism explained the success of industrial tycoons by saying that these business leaders
had overcome and eliminated weaker competitors
had been born into wealthy or privileged families
had succeeded by way of government regulation
supported labor reform and other progressive reforms

66. One effect of monopolies on the US economy is that they tend to
reduce business competition
keep prices low
lead to a greater variety in the price and quality for a particular product
give consumers a greater choice in goods they can produce

67. One effect of monopolies on the US economy is that they tend to
reduce business competition
keep prices low
lead to a greater variety in the price and quality for a particular product
give consumers a greater choice in goods they can produce

68. 35 Reformers who proposed and supported the Social Gospel
Helped inspire people to establish settlement houses
Were inspired by people who had established settlement houses
Were mainly upper class men
Were mainly Catholics rather than Protestants

69. Reformers who proposed and supported the Social Gospel
Helped inspire people to establish settlement houses
Were inspired by people who had established settlement houses
Were mainly upper class men
Were mainly Catholics rather than Protestants

70. 36
Social Darwinism and the Social Gospel movement believed that organized religion must place greater emphasis on
Most of their support came from the laborers and immigrants
Both preached that the poor were not responsible for their condition
Social Darwinism started as a response to the Social Gospel Movement
Both tried to address the social conditions of an industrial society

71. Social Darwinism and the Social Gospel movement believed that organized religion must place greater emphasis on
Most of their support came from the laborers and immigrants
Both preached that the poor were not responsible for their condition
Social Darwinism started as a response to the Social Gospel Movement
Both tried to address the social conditions of an industrial society

72. 37
The followers of the Social Gospel movement believed that organized religion must place greater emphasis on
Reconstructing American society
Raising funds
Supporting the Populist Party
Stopping immigration to the US

73. The followers of the Social Gospel movement believed that organized religion must place greater emphasis on
Reconstructing American society
Raising funds
Supporting the Populist Party
Stopping immigration to the US

74. 38
Members of the Populist Party supported public ownership of railroads because they thought it would
Help small farmers
Reduce immigration
Decrease income taxes
Change monetary policy

75. Members of the Populist Party supported public ownership of railroads because they thought it would
Help small farmers
Reduce immigration
Decrease income taxes
Change monetary policy

76. 39
William Jennings Bryan opposed switching to the gold standard because it would
a. eliminate paper money and switch the country to gold coins
b. allow bankers and businessmen to use either gold or paper money
c. limit the supply and access to money for workers and farmers
d. increase the supply of paper money, making it almost worthless

77. William Jennings Bryan opposed switching to the gold standard because it would
a. eliminate paper money and switch the country to gold coins
b. allow bankers and businessmen to use either gold or paper money
c. limit the supply and access to money for workers and farmers
d. increase the supply of paper money, making it almost worthless

78. 40
Although it intended to break up monopolies, business leaders used the Sherman Anti-Trust Act to
gather more stock in railroads and other utilities
limit labor union activities by saying they interfered with trade
discourage international trade that threatened them
increase their horizontal integration

79. Although it intended to break up monopolies, business leaders used the Sherman Anti-Trust Act to
gather more stock in railroads and other utilities
limit labor union activities by saying they interfered with trade
discourage international trade that threatened them
increase their horizontal integration

80. 41 Which best exemplifies the Progressive movement
For government to be more efficient and responsive to public needs
To make it easier for business and the government to work together
To increase services such as housing and health care to immigrants
To increase immigrant participation in politics and government

81. Which best exemplifies the Progressive movement
For government to be more efficient and responsive to public needs
To make it easier for business and the government to work together
To increase services such as housing and health care to immigrants
To increase immigrant participation in politics and government

82. 42 The term suffragettes refers to women in American history who
Suffered for a religious cause
Joined unions to fight for workers’ rights
Believed alcohol should be legally banned
Fought for women’s right to vote

83. The term suffragettes refers to women in American history who
Suffered for a religious cause
Joined unions to fight for workers’ rights
Believed alcohol should be legally banned
Fought for women’s right to vote

84. 43
During President Theodore Roosevelt’s administration, Congress gave the Interstate Commerce Commission the power to
Enforce legislation regulating railroad rates
Construct a national canal system
Impose lower import tariffs on foreign goods
Mint a national currency

85. During President Theodore Roosevelt’s administration, Congress gave the Interstate Commerce Commission the power to
Enforce legislation regulating railroad rates
Construct a national canal system
Impose lower import tariffs on foreign goods
Mint a national currency

86. 44 The Puritan’s views and attitudes led them to promote the ideas of
Social equality
Hard work for common goals
Religious tolerance
Separation of church and state

87. The Puritan’s views and attitudes led them to promote the ideas of
Social equality
Hard work for common goals
Religious tolerance
Separation of church and state

88. The revival meetings of the Great Awakening and the Second Great Awakening were
Held in churches on Sundays only and included emotional sermons
Led only by local ministers who preached to their own congregations
Held outside, lasted for days, and included emotional sermons
Focused on the use of rational thinking and a scientific approach to religion

89. The revival meetings of the Great Awakening and the Second great Awakening were
Held in churches on Sundays only and included emotional sermons
Led only by local ministers who preached to their own congregations
Held outside, lasted for days, and included emotional sermons
Focused on the use of rational thinking and a scientific approach to religion

90. 46 The Second Great Awakening promoted
An optimistic message that inspired people to try to reform society
The idea that slavery was a choice made by each individual
Expansion to the West as part of Manifest Destiny
A return to agriculture rather than increased urbanization

91. The Second Great Awakening promoted
An optimistic message that inspired people to try to reform society
The idea that slavery was a choice made by each individual
Expansion to the West as part of Manifest Destiny
A return to agriculture rather than increased urbanization

92. 47 The First Great Awakening of the 1730s and 1740s was primarily
Movement to increase colonial loyalty to the British monarchy
Religious revival that spread through the colonies
Process of assimilating immigrants into colonial American culture
Period of economic prosperity brought about by colonial trade

93. The First great Awakening of the 1730s and 1740s was primarily
Movement to increase colonial loyalty to the British monarchy
Religious revival that spread through the colonies
Process of assimilating immigrants into colonial American culture
Period of economic prosperity brought about by colonial trade

94. 48 The Mormon community moved to Utah because
A climate in Utah was more favorable to their crops
They could buy large amounts of farm land
Slavery was outlawed in Utah
They suffered persecution in the Eastern states

95. The Mormon community moved to Utah because
A climate in Utah was more favorable to their crops
They could buy large amounts of farm land
Slavery was outlawed in Utah
They suffered persecution in the Eastern states

96. 49 The Establishment Clause in the First Amendment
Established the tax rates for various churches
Prohibits the government from establishing a state religion
Establishes requirements for government support of any religion
Specifies the requirements for churches to be established

97. The Establishment Clause in the First Amendment
Established the tax rates for various churches
Prohibits the government from establishing a state religion
Establishes requirements for government support of any religion
Specifies the requirements for churches to be established

98. table

99. tables

100. 52
How were the Second Great Awakening and the Social Gospel movement similar
Both resulted in large increases in church membership
Both were led by social conservatives
Both were concerned with improving society
Both occurred before the Civil War

101. How were the Second Great Awakening and the Social Gospel movement similar
Both resulted in large increases in church membership
Both were led by social conservatives
Both were concerned with improving society
Both occurred before the Civil War

102. 53
Which statement best describe the reason the First Amendment was added to the Constitution
To protect citizens from government interference in religion
To allow citizens to establish a government sponsored church
To ensure that a church would not overthrow the government
To require people to worship in a religion of their choice

103. Which statement best describe the reason the First Amendment was added to the Constitution
To protect citizens from government interference in religion
To allow citizens to establish a government sponsored church
To ensure that a church would not overthrow the government
To require people to worship in a religion of their choice

105. 1.2 Which two groups debated the ratification of the new Constitution?
(1) loyalists and revolutionaries
(2) Federalists and Anti-federalists
(3) Democratic Party and Whig Party
(4) executive branch and judicial branch

106. 1.2 Which two groups debated the ratification of the new Constitution?
(1) loyalists and revolutionaries
(2) Federalists and Anti-federalists
(3) Democratic Party and Whig Party
(4) executive branch and judicial branch

107. 1.2 8 Which individual’s action was directly protected
by the first amendment?
(1) Alexander Graham Bell’s invention of the
telephone in 1876
(2) Theodore Roosevelt’s command of the Rough
Riders in 1898
(3) President Franklin D. Roosevelt’s election to
a third term in 1940
(4) Dr. Martin Luther King Jr.’s leading a march
on Washington, D.C., in 1963

108. 1.2 8 Which individual’s action was directly protected
by the first amendment?
(1) Alexander Graham Bell’s invention of the
telephone in 1876
(2) Theodore Roosevelt’s command of the Rough
Riders in 1898
(3) President Franklin D. Roosevelt’s election to
a third term in 1940
(4) Dr. Martin Luther King Jr.’s leading a march
on Washington, D.C., in 1963

109. 1.2 4 “. . . Every thing that is right or reasonable pleads
for separation. The blood of the slain, the
weeping voice of nature cries, ’TIS TIME TO
PART ”
— Thomas Paine, Common Sense
In this quotation, Thomas Paine is trying to
convince the colonists to
(1) accept the Proclamation of 1763
(2) break a treaty with Spain
(3) declare their independence from England
(4) dissolve their alliance with France

110. 1.2 4 “. . . Every thing that is right or reasonable pleads
for separation. The blood of the slain, the
weeping voice of nature cries, ’TIS TIME TO
PART ”
— Thomas Paine, Common Sense
In this quotation, Thomas Paine is trying to
convince the colonists to
(1) accept the Proclamation of 1763
(2) break a treaty with Spain
(3) declare their independence from England
(4) dissolve their alliance with France

111. 1.2
6 The Great Compromise reached at the Constitutional Convention resulted in the
(1) formation of the Supreme Court
(2) creation of a bicameral legislature
(3) development of a two-party system
(4) ban on the importation of enslaved Africans

112. 1.2
6 The Great Compromise reached at the Constitutional Convention resulted in the
(1) formation of the Supreme Court
(2) creation of a bicameral legislature
(3) development of a two-party system
(4) ban on the importation of enslaved Africans

113. 1.2 3 The main purpose for writing the Declaration of
Independence was to
(1) declare war on Great Britain
(2) force France to support the Revolutionary War
(3) convince Great Britain to abolish slavery
(4) state the colonists’ reasons for separating
from Great Britain

114. 1.2 3 The main purpose for writing the Declaration of
Independence was to
(1) declare war on Great Britain
(2) force France to support the Revolutionary War
(3) convince Great Britain to abolish slavery
(4) state the colonists’ reasons for separating
from Great Britain

115. 1.2 8 Federalism is best defined as a principle of government that
(1) divides power between the central government
and state governments
(2) includes a system of checks and balances
(3) allows the states to nullify national laws
(4) places the most power in the hands of the
legislative branch

116. 1.2 8 Federalism is best defined as a principle of government that
(1) divides power between the central government and state governments
(2) includes a system of checks and balances
(3) allows the states to nullify national laws
(4) places the most power in the hands of the
legislative branch

117. 1.2 4 At the Constitutional Convention of 1787, which
problem was solved by the Great Compromise?
(1) developing the method of electing a president
(2) designating control of interstate commerce
(3) outlining the structure of the federal court
system
(4) establishing the formula for representation in
Congress

118. 1.2 4 At the Constitutional Convention of 1787, which
problem was solved by the Great Compromise?
(1) developing the method of electing a president
(2) designating control of interstate commerce
(3) outlining the structure of the federal court
system
(4) establishing the formula for representation in
Congress

119. 1.3 12 Under Chief Justice John Marshall, the Supreme
Court strengthened its authority by
(1) applying judicial review to state and national
laws
(2) changing the operation of the electoral
college
(3) increasing the number of Justices on the
Court
(4) expanding the freedoms included in the first
amendment

120. 1.3 12 Under Chief Justice John Marshall, the Supreme
Court strengthened its authority by
(1) applying judicial review to state and national
laws
(2) changing the operation of the electoral
college
(3) increasing the number of Justices on the
Court
(4) expanding the freedoms included in the first
amendment

121. 1.3
9 What was one outcome of the Supreme Court decision in Marbury v. Madison (1803)?
(1) State governments could now determine the
constitutionality of federal laws.
(2) The principle of judicial review was established.
(3) Congress expanded its delegated powers.
(4) A method to approve treaties was developed.

122. 1.3
9 What was one outcome of the Supreme Court decision in Marbury v. Madison (1803)?
(1) State governments could now determine the
constitutionality of federal laws.
(2) The principle of judicial review was established.
(3) Congress expanded its delegated powers.
(4) A method to approve treaties was developed.

123. 1.4 15 Before the former Confederate states could be
readmitted to the Union, the congressional plan
for Reconstruction required them to
(1) ratify the 14th amendment
(2) imprison all former Confederate soldiers
(3) provide 40 acres of land to all freedmen
(4) help rebuild Northern industries

124. 1.4 15 Before the former Confederate states could be
readmitted to the Union, the congressional plan
for Reconstruction required them to
(1) ratify the 14th amendment
(2) imprison all former Confederate soldiers
(3) provide 40 acres of land to all freedmen
(4) help rebuild Northern industries

125. 2.1 21 Muckrakers Ida Tarbell and Upton Sinclair
influenced the federal government to
(1) grant citizenship to people who had entered
the country illegally
(2) pass legislation to correct harmful business
practices
(3) force individual states to regulate monopolies
(4) end racial discrimination in the workplace

126. 2.1 21 Muckrakers Ida Tarbell and Upton Sinclair
influenced the federal government to
(1) grant citizenship to people who had entered
the country illegally
(2) pass legislation to correct harmful business
practices
(3) force individual states to regulate monopolies
(4) end racial discrimination in the workplace

127. 2.2
19 The principal reason Congress raised tariff rates in the late 1800s and early 1900s was to
(1) increase personal income taxes
(2) lower prices for American consumers
(3) guarantee high wages to American workers
(4) protect United States businesses from foreign
competition

128. 2.2
19 The principal reason Congress raised tariff rates in the late 1800s and early 1900s was to
(1) increase personal income taxes
(2) lower prices for American consumers
(3) guarantee high wages to American workers
(4) protect United States businesses from foreign competition

129. 2.2
19 During the late 1800s, major improvements to a nationwide system of trade were made with the
(1) construction of a network of canals
(2) use of steamboats on rivers
(3) completion of transcontinental railroads
(4) construction of toll roads

130. 2.2
19 During the late 1800s, major improvements to a nationwide system of trade were made with the
(1) construction of a network of canals
(2) use of steamboats on rivers
(3) completion of transcontinental railroads
(4) construction of toll roads

131. 2.2 19 The closing of the frontier and the growth of
industry in the late 1800s are two factors often
associated with the
(1) reduction of exports to Asian nations
(2) restoration of a plantation economy in the
South
(3) formation of alliances with other nations
(4) rise of United States imperialism

132. 2.2 19 The closing of the frontier and the growth of
industry in the late 1800s are two factors often
associated with the
(1) reduction of exports to Asian nations
(2) restoration of a plantation economy in the
South
(3) formation of alliances with other nations
(4) rise of United States imperialism

133. 2.5 18 In passing the Sherman Antitrust Act (1890),
Congress intended to
(1) prevent large corporations from eliminating
their competition
(2) distinguish good trusts from bad trusts
(3) regulate rates charged by railroads
(4) force large trusts to bargain with labor unions

134. 2.5 18 In passing the Sherman Antitrust Act (1890),
Congress intended to
(1) prevent large corporations from eliminating
their competition
(2) distinguish good trusts from bad trusts
(3) regulate rates charged by railroads
(4) force large trusts to bargain with labor unions

135. 2.5
17 In the late 19th century, critics of big business claimed that monopolies most harmed the
economy by
(1) limiting competition
(2) decreasing the urban growth rate
(3) preventing technological innovation
(4) failing to keep pace with European industries

136. 2.5
17 In the late 19th century, critics of big business claimed that monopolies most harmed the
economy by
(1) limiting competition
(2) decreasing the urban growth rate
(3) preventing technological innovation
(4) failing to keep pace with European industries

137. 2.6 19 A high protective tariff passed by Congress is
intended to affect the United States economy by
(1) promoting free trade
(2) limiting industrial jobs
(3) encouraging American manufacturing
(4) expanding global interdependence

138. 2.6 19 A high protective tariff passed by Congress is
intended to affect the United States economy by
(1) promoting free trade
(2) limiting industrial jobs
(3) encouraging American manufacturing
(4) expanding global interdependence

139. 2.7 18 In the late 19th century, the ideas of Social
Darwinism were used primarily to
(1) encourage the passage of compulsory
education laws
(2) explain the differences in income between
the rich and the poor
(3) urge Congress to end immigration
(4) support the growth of new political parties

140. 2.7 18 In the late 19th century, the ideas of Social
Darwinism were used primarily to
(1) encourage the passage of compulsory
education laws
(2) explain the differences in income between
the rich and the poor
(3) urge Congress to end immigration
(4) support the growth of new political parties

141. 2.9 22 A major purpose of the Progressive movement (1900–1917) was to
(1) stimulate the economy
(2) support government control of factory
production
(3) encourage immigration from southern and
eastern Europe
(4) correct the economic and social abuses of
industrial society

142. 2.9 22 A major purpose of the Progressive movement (1900–1917) was to
(1) stimulate the economy
(2) support government control of factory
production
(3) encourage immigration from southern and
eastern Europe
(4) correct the economic and social abuses of
industrial society

143. 2.8 16 During the late 1800s, many United States
farmers believed their economic problems would
be solved if the federal government would
(1) raise interest rates
(2) outlaw strikes by labor unions
(3) put more money into circulation
(4) regulate the amount of grain that was
produced

144. 2.8 16 During the late 1800s, many United States
farmers believed their economic problems would
be solved if the federal government would
(1) raise interest rates
(2) outlaw strikes by labor unions
(3) put more money into circulation
(4) regulate the amount of grain that was
produced

145. 23 Today, the Federal Reserve System attempts to
stabilize the economy of the United States by
(1) requiring federal budgets be prepared and
presented to Congress
(2) levying and collecting income taxes
(3) regulating interest rates and the money
supply
(4) backing all currency with silver and gold

146. 23 Today, the Federal Reserve System attempts to
stabilize the economy of the United States by
(1) requiring federal budgets be prepared and
presented to Congress
(2) levying and collecting income taxes
(3) regulating interest rates and the money
supply
(4) backing all currency with silver and gold

147. 2.7
17 Society advances when its fittest members are allowed to assert themselves with the least
hindrance.
The idea expressed in this statement is most
consistent with the
(1) principles of Social Darwinism
(2) concept of assimilation
(3) goals of the Progressive movement
(4) melting pot theory of American culture
18 During the late 1800s, many North American

148. 2.7
17 Society advances when its fittest members are allowed to assert themselves with the least
hindrance.
The idea expressed in this statement is most
consistent with the
(1) principles of Social Darwinism
(2) concept of assimilation
(3) goals of the Progressive movement
(4) melting pot theory of American culture
18 During the late 1800s, many North American

149. 2.9 20 Which government action is most closely
associated with the efforts of muckrakers?
(1) ratification of the woman’s suffrage
amendment
(2) approval of the graduated income tax
(3) creation of the National Forest Service
(4) passage of the Meat Inspection Act

150. 2.9 20 Which government action is most closely
associated with the efforts of muckrakers?
(1) ratification of the woman’s suffrage
amendment
(2) approval of the graduated income tax
(3) creation of the National Forest Service
(4) passage of the Meat Inspection Act

151. 2.9 21 In the early 1900s, Progressive Era reformers
sought to increase citizen participation in
government by supporting the
(1) expansion of the spoils system
(2) direct election of senators
(3) creation of the electoral college
(4) formation of the Federal Reserve system

152. 2.9 21 In the early 1900s, Progressive Era reformers
sought to increase citizen participation in
government by supporting the
(1) expansion of the spoils system
(2) direct election of senators
(3) creation of the electoral college
(4) formation of the Federal Reserve system

153. 2.9 22 The Progressive movement supported the idea
that the federal government should
(1) regulate big business
(2) reduce immigration
(3) build an overseas empire
(4) reduce the number of farms

154. 2.9 22 The Progressive movement supported the idea
that the federal government should
(1) regulate big business
(2) reduce immigration
(3) build an overseas empire
(4) reduce the number of farms

155. 3.3 16 During the 1850s, Irish immigrants were often
discriminated against because they
(1) refused to participate in local politics
(2) displaced slave labor in the South
(3) arrived in the United States with great wealth
(4) practiced the Roman Catholic religion

156. 3.3 16 During the 1850s, Irish immigrants were often
discriminated against because they
(1) refused to participate in local politics
(2) displaced slave labor in the South
(3) arrived in the United States with great wealth
(4) practiced the Roman Catholic religion